What Sign Language Reveals about the Critical Period for Language
What Sign Language Reveals about the Critical Period for Language
复制标题
手语揭示了语言关键期的哪些内容
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Mayberry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Mayberry
本章通过耳聋的棱镜审视语言的关键期。第一个主题是关键期的概念，随后总结了习得年龄对第二语言学习（L2）结果影响的研究。然后描述了聋哑儿童第一语言（LI）习得较晚的现象。本章的重点是一系列研究，比较和对比 LI 和 L2 习得的长期结果与习得年龄的关系。后期 LI 习得的效果比 L2 学习的效果更大。其影响包括处理和理解所有形式语言的能力受到损害。较晚的 LI 习得对学习其他语言的能力和阅读发展具有有害影响。研究结果来自于美国手语 (ASL) 和英语的实验，使用了跨语言结构层面的各种心理语言学范式，包括叙事理解和影子、句子影子和记忆、语法判断和阅读理解。然后讨论这些心理语言学现象如何阐明语言的关键时期。
This chapter examines the critical period for language through the prism of deafness.The first topic is the concept of critical periods, followed by a summary of research investigating age of acquisition effects on the outcome of second-language learning (L2).The phenomenon of late first-language (LI) acquisition among deaf children is then described.The focus of this chapter is on a series of studies that compare and contrast the long-range outcome of LI and L2 acquisition in relation to age of acquisition. The effects of late LI acquisition are greater than those for L2 learning. The effects include a compromised ability to process and understand all forms of language. Late LI acquisition has deleterious effects on the ability to learn other languages and on reading development.The findings come from experiments in American Sign Language (ASL) and English using a variety of psycholinguistic paradigms across levels of linguistic structure and include narrative comprehension and shadowing, sentence shadowing and memory, grammatical judgment, and reading comprehension. How these psycholinguistic phenomena illuminate the critical period for language is then discussed.