Contrasting impacts of land-use change on phylogenetic and functional diversity of tropical forest birds
Contrasting impacts of land-use change on phylogenetic and functional diversity of tropical forest birds
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2664.13073
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Davies, Richard G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chapman, Philip M.;Tobias, Joseph A.;Davies, Richard G.
1.生物多样性保护战略越来越多地以维持进化历史和生态系统功能的恢复力为目标，而不仅仅是物种丰富度。这导致了两种通常被提议作为决策工具的指标的出现：系统发育多样性（PD）和功能多样性（FD）。然而，它们在多大程度上可以互换仍然不太清楚。我们探讨了婆罗洲从古老的热带森林到油棕林的鸟类群落在干扰梯度上的FD和PD之间的变化和关系。我们发现PD显著下降，从森林到油棕的系统发育平均最近类群距离增加，与整个梯度的SR下降一致。然而，系统发育平均成对距离的限制森林砍伐比转换为油棕，考虑到SR。FD在整个梯度的下降是不太严重的PD，与所有指标表明相对较高的性状多样性，油棕尽管低SR，虽然功能冗余大大减少。考虑到SR，鸟类群落的功能过度分散或分散不足的水平与栖息地干扰水平密切相关，而不是与任何等效的系统发育度量密切相关。政策影响。我们认为，虽然系统发育多样性（PD）是一个改进的物种丰富度作为功能多样性（FD）的代理，保护决策的基础上系统发育多样性不能可靠地保障最大的功能多样性。因此，系统发育多样性和功能多样性是相关的，但仍然是互补的。优先级设定工作应结合使用这些指标来确定保护目标。
1. Biodiversity conservation strategies increasingly target maintaining evolutionary history and the resilience of ecosystem function, not just species richness (SR). This has led to the emergence of two metrics commonly proposed as tools for decision making: phylogenetic diversity (PD) and functional diversity (FD). Yet, the extent to which they are interchangeable remains poorly understood.2. We explore shifts in and relationships between FD and PD of bird communities across a disturbance gradient in Borneo, from old-growth tropical forest to oil palm plantation.3. We show a marked decline in PD, and an increase in phylogenetic mean nearest taxon distance from forest to oil palm, in line with declining SR across the gradient. However, phylogenetic mean pairwise distance is constrained by forest logging more than by conversion to oil palm, taking account of SR.4. The decline in FD across the gradient is less severe than in PD, with all metrics indicating relatively high trait diversity in oil palm despite low SR, although functional redundancy is much reduced. Accounting for SR, levels of functional over- or under-dispersion of bird communities are strongly coupled to habitat disturbance level rather than to any equivalent phylogenetic metric.5. Policy implications. We suggest that while phylogenetic diversity (PD) is an improvement on species richness as a proxy for functional diversity (FD), conservation decisions based on phylogenetic diversity alone cannot reliably safeguard maximal functional diversity. Thus, phylogenetic diversity and functional diversity are related but still complementary. Priority setting exercises should use these metrics in combination to identify conservation targets.