Review-Covalent Functionalization of Carbon Nanomaterials for Biosensor Applications: An Update
Review-Covalent Functionalization of Carbon Nanomaterials for Biosensor Applications: An Update
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DOI：
10.1149/2.0381803jes
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Martinez-Chapa, Sergio O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cardenas-Benitez, Braulio;Djordjevic, Ivan;Martinez-Chapa, Sergio O.
碳纳米材料由于其有吸引力的电化学性质（包括相对高的导电性、宽的电化学稳定性、生物相容性和化学惰性）而在各种分析装置中的生物传感应用中起着至关重要的作用。电化学生物传感中的生物识别需要微调电解质/碳界面，导致分析物的特异性结合和转导信号的测量。成功的蛋白质固定在碳纳米材料上可以通过表面功能化方法来实现，该方法将碳从天然惰性材料改性为可以容易地与感兴趣的分析物反应的物理化学活性界面。任何表面功能化方法都会影响改性碳界面处的电子性质，因此界面信号转导强烈依赖于表面改性的类型。本文综述了碳纳米材料表面功能化的最新研究进展，并将其应用于不同生物分子的共价固定。此外，我们总结了最近发表的技术，碳功能化实现高灵敏度的蛋白质识别。这些方法中的一些涉及碳平台的“多功能化”，使得能够进行多种生物标志物检测。功能化策略的这些进展为碳作为生物传感材料的未来打开了新的机会之窗。(C)2018年电化学学会。
Carbon nanomaterials play a vital role in biosensing applications in a wide variety of analytical devices due to their attractive electrochemical properties including relatively high electrical conductivity, wide electrochemical stability, biocompatibility, and chemical inertness. Biorecognition in electrochemical biosensing requires fine-tuning of the electrolyte/carbon interface resulting in the specific binding of the analyte and the measurement of the transduced signal. Successful protein immobilization on carbon nanomaterials can be achieved through surface functionalization methodologies that modify carbon from a naturally inert material to a physico-chemically active interface that can readily react with the analytes of interest. Any surface functionalization method influences electronical properties at the interface of the modified carbon thus interfacial signal transduction strongly depends on the type of surface modification. In this paper, we review the latest strategies for surface functionalization of carbon nanomaterials applied for covalent immobilization of different biomolecular entities. Furthermore, we summarize recently published techniques for carbon functionalization for achieving highly sensitive protein recognition. Some of these methodologies involve "multi-functionalization" of the carbon platforms enabling multiple biomarkers detection. Such advances in functionalization strategies open new windows of opportunity to the future of carbon as a biosensing material of choice. (C) 2018 The Electrochemical Society.