Particulate Hexavalent Chromium is Cytotoxic and Genotoxic to the North Atlantic Right Whale (Eubalaena glacialis) Lung and Skin Fibroblasts
Particulate Hexavalent Chromium is Cytotoxic and Genotoxic to the North Atlantic Right Whale (Eubalaena glacialis) Lung and Skin Fibroblasts
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DOI：
10.1002/em.20471
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Wise, John Pierce, Sr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Tania Li;Wise, Sandra S.;Wise, John Pierce, Sr.
六价铬化合物存在于大气和海洋中，是人类和陆地哺乳动物中公认的诱变剂和致癌物。然而，这些毒物对海洋哺乳动物的不利影响尚不确定。此前，我们曾报道过，北大西洋露脊鲸是最濒危的大型鲸鱼之一，其组织中的铬含量很高，可能会对鲸鱼的健康构成风险。此外，研究表明，吸入可能是一种重要的接触途径。通过吸入接触铬主要是因为颗粒物化合物。然而，微粒铬化合物对海洋哺乳动物细胞的毒性尚不清楚。因此，在这项研究中，我们测试了颗粒六价铬对原代培养的濒危北大西洋露脊鲸的肺和皮肤成纤维细胞的细胞毒性和遗传毒性效应。细胞毒性用克隆存活实验测定，遗传毒性用染色体畸变率测定。颗粒六价铬以浓度依赖的方式诱导露脊鲸肺成纤维细胞和皮肤成纤维细胞的细胞毒性和遗传毒性。与皮肤成纤维细胞相比，肺成纤维细胞对铬的细胞毒性有更强的抵抗力，但染色体损伤更严重。这些数据进一步支持了铬可能是濒临灭绝的北大西洋露脊鲸健康问题的假设。环境。马尔。诱变剂。2009年，50：387-393。(C)2009年Wiley-Liss，Inc.
Hexavalent chromium compounds are present in the atmosphere and oceans and are established mutagens and carcinogens in human and terrestrial mammals. However, the adverse effects of these toxicants in marine mammals are uncertain. Previously, we reported that North Atlantic right whales, one of the most endangered great whales, have tissue chromium levels that are high, levels that may pose a risk to the whale's health. Furthermore, the study suggested that inhalation may be an important exposure route. Exposure to chromium through inhalation is mainly because of particulate compounds. However, the toxicity of particulate chromium compounds in marine mammal cells is unknown. Accordingly, in this study, we tested the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of particulate hexavalent chromium in primary cultured lung and skin fibroblasts from the endangered North Atlantic right whale. Cytotoxicity was measured by clonogenic survival assay, and genotoxicity was measured as production of chromosome aberrations. Particulate hexavalent chromium induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner in both right whale lung and skin fibroblasts. Lung fibroblasts were more resistant to chromium cytotoxicity, but presented with more chromosome damage than skin fibroblasts. These data further support the hypothesis that chromium may be a health concern for the endangered North Atlantic right whale. Environ. Mal. Mutagen. 50:387-393, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.