The signaling mechanisms underlying cell polarity and chemotaxis.
The signaling mechanisms underlying cell polarity and chemotaxis.
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a002980
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发表时间：
2009-10
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Fei Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fei Wang
趋化性（细胞在趋化剂梯度中的定向运动）对于中性粒细胞爬行至炎症和感染部位以及盘基网柄菌（D. discoideum）在形态发生过程中聚集至关重要。化学引诱剂诱导的空间局部细胞信号的激活导致细胞极化并向化学引诱剂的最高浓度移动。广泛的研究致力于更好地理解中性粒细胞选择其极性方向和响应化学引诱剂梯度而有效爬行的机制。最近的技术进步开始揭示细胞内信号传导成分的许多令人着迷的细节，这些信号传导成分在空间上引导中性粒细胞和盘状 D. discoideum 的细胞骨架，以及使细胞的正面与背面不同的互补机制。
Chemotaxis--the directed movement of cells in a gradient of chemoattractant--is essential for neutrophils to crawl to sites of inflammation and infection and for Dictyostelium discoideum (D. discoideum) to aggregate during morphogenesis. Chemoattractant-induced activation of spatially localized cellular signals causes cells to polarize and move toward the highest concentration of the chemoattractant. Extensive studies have been devoted to achieving a better understanding of the mechanism(s) used by a neutrophil to choose its direction of polarity and to crawl effectively in response to chemoattractant gradients. Recent technological advances are beginning to reveal many fascinating details of the intracellular signaling components that spatially direct the cytoskeleton of neutrophils and D. discoideum and the complementary mechanisms that make the cell's front distinct from its back.