Inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor leads to selective expression of a human endogenous retrovirus in kidney cancer.

Inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor leads to selective expression of a human endogenous retrovirus in kidney cancer.
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DOI:
10.1038/onc.2011.179
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发表时间:
2011-11-24
期刊:
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Childs, R. W.
Childs, R. W.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cherkasova, E.;Malinzak, E.;Rao, S.;Takahashi, Y.;Senchenko, V. N.;Kudryavtseva, A. V.;Nickerson, M. L.;Merino, M.;Hong, J. A.;Schrump, D. S.;Srinivasan, R.;Linehan, W. M.;Tian, X.;Lerman, M. I.;Childs, R. W.

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最近发现人内源性E型逆转录病毒在大多数肾细胞癌(RCC)中选择性表达。重要的是,源自该原病毒的抗原具有免疫原性,可刺激细胞毒性 T 细胞,在体外和体内杀死肾细胞癌细胞。在这里,我们发现 HERV-E 表达仅限于 RCC (ccRCC) 的透明细胞亚型,其特征是 von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) 肿瘤抑制基因失活,随后缺氧诱导转录因子 HIF-1α 和 -2α 稳定。 ccRCC 中的 HERV-E 表达与 HIF-2α 水平线性相关,并且可以通过转染正常 VHL 或 siRNA 抑制 HIF-2α 来沉默肿瘤细胞中的 HERV-E 表达。使用染色质免疫沉淀,我们证明 HIF-2α 可以通过与位于原病毒 5'LTR 中的 HIF 反应元件 (HRE) 结合而充当 HERV-E 的转录因子。值得注意的是,仅在表达 HERV-E 的 ccRCC 中发现 LTR 低甲基化,而其他肿瘤和正常组织则具有高甲基化 LTR,从而阻止前病毒表达。总而言之,这些发现提供了第一个证据,证明肿瘤抑制基因失活可能导致人类肿瘤中前病毒表达异常,并为旨在增强人类针对 HERV-E 抗原成分的免疫力的转化研究提供了所需的见解。
A human endogenous retrovirus type E was recently found to be selectively expressed in most renal cell carcinomas (RCC). Importantly, antigens derived from this provirus are immunogenic, stimulating cytotoxic T-cells that kill RCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Here we show HERV-E expression is restricted to the clear cell subtype of RCC (ccRCC) characterized by an inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene with subsequent stabilization of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors HIF-1α and -2α. HERV-E expression in ccRCC linearly correlated with HIF-2α levels and could be silenced in tumor cells by either transfection of normal VHL or siRNA inhibition of HIF-2α. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, we demonstrated that HIF-2α can serve as transcriptional factor for HERV-E by binding with HIF response elements (HRE) localized in the proviral 5′LTR. Remarkably, the LTR was found to be hypomethylated only in HERV-E-expressing ccRCC while other tumors and normal tissues possessed a hypermethylated LTR preventing proviral expression. Taken altogether, these findings provide the first evidence that inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene can result in aberrant proviral expression in a human tumor and give insights needed for translational research aimed at boosting human immunity against antigenic components of this HERV-E.
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