Health impacts of bike sharing systems in Europe
Health impacts of bike sharing systems in Europe
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2018.04.014
复制
发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Rojas-Rueda, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Otero, I.;Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J.;Rojas-Rueda, D.
背景资料：自行车共享系统（BSS）已在世界各地的几个城市实施，作为缓解气候变化，减少交通拥堵和促进体育活动的政策。本研究旨在评估健康影响（风险和效益）的主要BSS在European.Methods：我们进行了一项健康影响评估研究，以量化的健康风险和效益的汽车旅行替代自行车旅行（定期自行车和/或电动自行车）从欧洲BSS与> 2000自行车。我们创建了四种情景来估计每年由于身体活动、道路交通死亡和空气污染而导致的预期死亡人数（增加或减少）。利用交通和健康调查以及环境和交通安全记录的数据建立了一个定量模型。研究人群为18 ~ 64岁的BSS使用者。在所有场景和城市中，体育活动对健康的益处都超过了交通死亡和空气污染对健康的风险。据估计，12个BSS每年避免了5.17（95% CI：3.11-7.01）例死亡，实际上汽车出行替代水平相当于每年节省1800万欧元。如果所有的BSS出行都取代了汽车出行，在这12个城市中，每年可以避免73.25人死亡（节省2.25亿欧元）。结论：欧洲的12个主要自行车共享系统提供了健康和经济效益。推广轮班司机使用BSS可以显着增加健康效益。欧洲的BSS可用作健康促进和预防的工具。
Background: Bike-sharing systems (BSS) have been implemented in several cities around the world as policies to mitigate climate change, reduce traffic congestion, and promote physical activity. This study aims to assess the health impacts (risks and benefits) of major BSS in Europe.Methods: We performed a health impact assessment study to quantify the health risks and benefits of car trips substitution by bikes trips (regular-bikes and/or electric-bikes) from European BSS with> 2000 bikes. Four scenarios were created to estimate the annual expected number of deaths (increasing or reduced) due to physical activity, road traffic fatalities, and air pollution. A quantitative model was built using data from transport and health surveys and environmental and traffic safety records. The study population was BSS users between 18 and 64 years old.Results: Twelve BSS were included in the analysis. In all scenarios and cities, the health benefits of physical activity outweighed the health risk of traffic fatalities and air pollution. It was estimated that 5.17 (95% CI: 3.11-7.01) annual deaths are avoided in the twelve BSS, with the actual level of car trip substitution, corresponding to an annual saving of 18 million of Euros. If all BSS trips replaced car trips, 73.25 deaths could be avoided each year (225 million Euros saving) in the twelve cities.Conclusions: The twelve major Bike-sharing systems in Europe provide health and economic benefits. The promotion of shifting car drivers to use BSS can significantly increase the health benefits. BSS in Europe can be used as a tool for health promotion and prevention.