Representing Arguments as Background Knowledge for the Justiication of Case-based Inferences
Representing Arguments as Background Knowledge for the Justiication of Case-based Inferences
复制标题
将论据表示为论证基于案例的推理的背景知识
DOI：
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发表时间：
1988
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通讯作者：
N. H. StGlasgow
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作者：
N. H. StGlasgow
本文探讨了背景知识的表示及其在基于案例的推理中的应用。基于案例的推理可以被视为解决问题的一种特殊形式，它基于对新案例与以前遇到的案例的相似性的评估，以及随后的旧解决方案也适用于新案例的推断。为了证明这样的推论是正确的，我们将背景知识作为支持或反对已知事实的结论的论据，而不是作为逻辑或概率关系的陈述。案件的特点是一系列支持和反对利益假设的论据，而解决新案件的证据的方法是首先找到一个发生相同或类似证据的旧案件，然后将解决办法从旧案件转移到新案件。通过这种方式，我们既可以表示弱的，可能相互关联的背景知识片段，也可以从已知相互关联的论证结果的案例中了解这些论证的相对优势。我们以逻辑的形式描述了这种方法，并分析了它是有效的假设，它的局限性和可能的未来扩展。
This paper examines the representation of background knowledge and its use in case-based reasoning. Case-based reasoning can be viewed as a particular form of problem-solving, based on the assessment of similarity of a new case to previously encountered cases, and the subsequent inference that an old solution also applies to the new case. To justify such inferences, we present a representation of background knowledge as arguments for and against a conclusion given known facts, rather than as statements in logic or prob-abilistic relations. Cases are characterized by the set of arguments for and against a hypothesis of interest, and the resolution of connicting arguments for a new case is obtained by rstly locating an old case where the same or a similar connict occurred, then secondly transferring the resolution from the old case to the new case. In this way, we are able both to represent weak, possibly connicting fragments of background knowledge and also learn about the relative strengths of such arguments from cases where the outcome of connicting arguments is known. We provide a description of this method in logical form, and analyze the assumptions under which it is valid, its limitations and possible future extensions.