Testing of Work Environments for Electromagnetic Interference
Testing of Work Environments for Electromagnetic Interference
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工作环境电磁干扰测试
DOI：
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
David L. Hayes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DAVID D. Marco;G. Eisinger;David L. Hayes
起搏器治疗师面临的一个挑战是，在可能受到电磁干扰(EMI)的环境中工作的患者，在植入起搏器后能否重返工作岗位。常见的做法是禁止起搏器患者使用电焊机。测试了12种工作环境和一种在EMI存在下监测起搏器节律的新方法。这种新方法使用了一种名为事件记录的特殊存储器，这种存储器存在于西门子的几种起搏器型号中。使用带有标记系统的体表心电图、心内电图仪和数字监视器来验证结果与事件记录。报告了几种EMI来源的结果。在12名患者的工作环境中进行了21项体内和体外测试。无论是在体内还是在体外，事件记录都是有用和准确的。225A以下的电弧焊机不影响这些起搏器。使用1000A或更多安培的弧焊机在焊缝或发电机周围1或2米范围内禁止体外测试系统。高频电压叠加在焊接电流上的电焊机在距电源2米、焊缝1米范围内对起搏器产生影响。非常大的工业消磁线圈影响了2米内的起搏器。使用事件记录的测试方法被发现是监测起搏器的有效补充。这些结果是针对所测试的起搏器型号的。这样的测试允许医生在高EMI环境中为起搏器患者做出关于重返工作的明智决定。
A challenge for pacemaker therapists is whether a patient working in an environment with the potential for electromagnetic interference (EMI) can return to their work after a pacemaker has been implanted. Common practice has been to prohibit pacemaker patients from using electric welding machines. Twelve work environments and a new method for monitoring the pacemaker rhythm in the presence of EMI were tested. The new method uses a special memory called the event record found in several Siemens Pacesetter pacemaker models. Surface ECGs with a marking system, intracardiac electrograms, and a digital monitor were used to verify the results with event records. The results from several sources of EMI are reported. Twenty‐one in vivo and in vitro tests were performed in the work environments of 12 patients. Event records were useful and accurate both in vivo and in vitro. Electric arc welding machines up to 225 A did not affect these pacemakers. Arc welding machines using 1,000 A or more inhibited the in vitro test system within 1 or 2 meters of the weld or power generator. Electric welding machines with high frequency voltage superimposed on the welding current affected the pacemaker when it was within 2 meters of the power unit and 1 meter of the weld. Very large industrial degaussing coils affected pacemakers within 2 meters. The test method using event records was found to be an effective addition to monitoring the pacemaker. These results are specific for the pacemaker models tested. Such testing allows the physician to make a knowledgeable decision regarding return to work for the pacemaker patient in a high EMI environment.