Autism Spectrum Disorders and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Excitation/Inhibition Imbalance and Developmental Trajectories.
Autism Spectrum Disorders and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Excitation/Inhibition Imbalance and Developmental Trajectories.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00069
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Pallagrosi M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Canitano R;Pallagrosi M
孤独症谱系障碍（ASD）和精神分裂症谱系障碍（SSD）共享的临床和遗传成分早已被认识到。这两种疾病共同发生的频率比其各自的患病率预测的更高，这表明涉及复杂的多因素关联。然而，DSM-5保持了ASD（核心社交和沟通障碍）和SSD（包括精神分裂症（SCZ））之间的区别，其中幻觉，妄想和思维障碍是基本特征。ASD和SSD具有共同的生物学基础，可能在发育早期出现并随着时间的推移而展开。支持ASD和SSD的社会和认知障碍的相似性的假设之一涉及兴奋性与抑制性皮层活动的比率异常（E/I失衡）。神经发育障碍中的E/I失衡可能是编码谷氨酸能和GABA能受体或突触蛋白的基因异常以及系统紊乱的结果。SSD和ASD是多基因疾病，其发病和进展是由多个基因之间的相互作用触发的。哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶信号作为两种谱系疾病中的会聚改变途径正在进行深入研究。目前对ASD和SSD之间从分子到临床方面的共享和不同模式的理解仍然不完整，可以通过研究领域标准方法来实现。
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) share clinical and genetic components that have long been recognized. The two disorders co-occur more frequently than would be predicted by their respective prevalence, suggesting that a complex, multifactor association is involved. However, DSM-5 maintains the distinction between ASD, with core social and communication impairments, and SSD, including schizophrenia (SCZ), with hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorder as essential features. ASD and SSD have common biological underpinnings that may emerge early in development and unfold over time. One of the hypotheses supporting the similarities in the social and cognitive disturbances of ASD and SSD relates to abnormalities in the ratio of excitatory to inhibitory cortical activity (E/I imbalance). E/I imbalance in neurodevelopmental disorders could be the consequence of abnormalities in genes coding for glutamatergic and GABAergic receptors or synaptic proteins followed by system derangements. SSD and ASD have been characterized as polygenic disorders in which to the onset and progression of disease is triggered by interactions among multiple genes. Mammalian target of rapamycin signaling is under intense investigation as a convergent altered pathway in the two spectrum disorders. Current understanding of shared and divergent patterns between ASD and SSD from molecular to clinical aspects is still incomplete and may be implemented by the research domain criteria approach.