Social rhythm stability following late-life spousal bereavement: Associations with depression and sleep impairment
Social rhythm stability following late-life spousal bereavement: Associations with depression and sleep impairment
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DOI：
10.1016/0165-1781(96)02914-9
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发表时间：
1996-05-17
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Kupfer, DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, LF;Reynolds, CF;Kupfer, DJ
本研究的目的是调查失去配偶的受试者 (n = 94) 和未失去配偶的老年对照受试者 (n = 45) 的社会节律稳定性和睡眠变化。社会节律稳定性和活动水平是用类似日记的工具社会节律度量（SRM）来测量的。我们观察到，丧偶本身与较低的社会节律稳定性或活动水平无关，除非存在重度抑郁发作。我们还观察到抑郁严重程度与社会节律稳定性之间呈负相关，而抑郁与睡眠障碍的主观和客观测量之间呈正相关。对于活动水平较高的受试者，较高的社会节律稳定性与更好的睡眠相关，但对于活动水平较低的受试者则不然。纵向数据，包括丧亲前对社会节律稳定性的评估，对于确定方向性影响是必要的，即失去配偶是否会导致社会节律的破坏，或者这种破坏是否先于睡眠障碍和抑郁。
The aim of this study was to investigate changes in social rhythm stability and sleep in spousally bereaved subjects (n = 94) and in nonbereaved elderly control subjects (n = 45). Social rhythm stability and activity level were measured with a diary-like instrument, the Social Rhythm Metric (SRM). We observed that spousal bereavement, per se, was not associated with a lower social rhythm stability or activity level except in the presence of a major depressive episode. We also observed an inverse correlation between severity of depression and social rhythm stability, and a positive correlation between depression and both subjective and objective measures of sleep impairment. Higher social rhythm stability was correlated with better sleep in subjects with high activity levels, but not in subjects with low activity levels. Longitudinal data, including pre-bereavement assessment of social rhythm stability, are necessary to ascertain directional effects, i.e., whether loss of spouse occasions disruption of social rhythms or whether such disruption precedes sleep impairment and depression.