Design and Modeling of a Continuously Tunable Stiffness Arm for Safe Physical Human–Robot Interaction

Design and Modeling of a Continuously Tunable Stiffness Arm for Safe Physical Human–Robot Interaction
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用于安全人体与机器​​人交互的连续可调刚度臂的设计和建模

DOI:
10.1115/1.4044840
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lai, Cheng
Lai, Cheng
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
She, Yu;Su, Hai-Jun;Meng, Deshan;Lai, Cheng

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为了减少人-机器人物理交互(PHRIS)中的伤害,一种常见的做法是在机器人操作手的关节或手臂上引入顺应性。本文提出了一种由平行导梁组成的机械臂,通过两个由伺服电机驱动的四杆机构,通过改变横截面的形状,可以连续地调节其刚度。在拟刚体模型的基础上,建立了横向刚度的解析模型,并进行了试验验证。建立了三臂机械手的物理样机。进行了广泛的刚度和冲击试验,结果表明,在37°变形角下,机械臂的刚度最大可变化3.6倍。在撞击速度为2.2m/S的情况下,手臂从高刚度模式调整到低刚度模式时,峰值加速度降低19.4%,头部损伤标准降低28.57%。这些初步结果表明,通过在机器人链接中引入顺应性来减少撞击伤害是可行的,并且顺应性链接解决方案可以作为解决人-机器人物理交互的安全问题的替代方法。
To reduce injury in physical human–robot interactions (pHRIs), a common practice is to introduce compliance to joints or arm of a robotic manipulator. In this paper, we present a robotic arm made of parallel guided beams whose stiffness can be continuously tuned by morphing the shape of the cross section through two four-bar linkages actuated by servo motors. An analytical lateral stiffness model is derived based on the pseudo-rigid-body model and validated by experiments. A physical prototype of a three-armed manipulator is built. Extensive stiffness and impact tests are conducted, and the results show that the stiffness of the robotic arm can be changed up to 3.6 times at a morphing angle of 37 deg. At an impact velocity of 2.2 m/s, the peak acceleration has a decrease of 19.4% and a 28.57% reduction of head injury criteria (HIC) when the arm is tuned from the high stiffness mode to the low stiffness mode. These preliminary results demonstrate the feasibility to reduce impact injury by introducing compliance into the robotic link and that the compliant link solution could be an alternative approach for addressing safety concerns of physical human–robot interactions.
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