A Journey of Cytolethal Distending Toxins through Cell Membranes.
A Journey of Cytolethal Distending Toxins through Cell Membranes.
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DOI：
10.3389/fcimb.2016.00081
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Shenker BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boesze-Battaglia K;Alexander D;Dlakić M;Shenker BJ
脂质作为膜、信号分子和代谢底物的结构成分的多功能作用使它们成为病原体劫持宿主细胞过程以求自身生存的理想合作伙伴。独特的膜微域的性质和组成，如膜筏，使这些区域成为病原体的自然目标，因为它为病原体提供了劫持细胞信号和细胞内运输途径的机会。细胞致死性扩张毒素(CDTS)是AB2毒素家族的成员，由三个亚基组成，即活性的CDtB单位和结合的CDtA-CDtC单位。CDT是一种环调蛋白，可导致多种细胞类型的细胞周期停滞和凋亡。来自几个物种的CDT对膜筏有共同的需求，通常是胆固醇对细胞结合和CDtB介导的细胞毒作用的要求。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了宿主细胞膜双层结构如何对细菌来源的细胞毒性膨胀毒素(CDT)的细胞表面结合、内化和作用做出贡献，其中重点是伴生放线菌CDT。
The multifunctional role of lipids as structural components of membranes, signaling molecules, and metabolic substrates makes them an ideal partner for pathogens to hijack host cell processes for their own survival. The properties and composition of unique membrane micro-domains such as membrane rafts make these regions a natural target for pathogens as it affords them an opportunity to hijack cell signaling and intracellular trafficking pathways. Cytolethal distending toxins (Cdts), members of the AB2 family of toxins are comprised of three subunits, the active, CdtB unit, and the binding, CdtA-CdtC unit. Cdts are cyclomodulins leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a wide variety of cell types. Cdts from several species share a requirement for membrane rafts, and often cholesterol specifically for cell binding and CdtB mediated cytotoxicity. In this review we focus on how host–cell membrane bilayer organization contributes to the cell surface association, internalization, and action of bacteria derived cytolethal distending toxins (Cdts), with an emphasis on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Cdt.