A THEORY OF PHENOMENAL GEOMETRY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
A THEORY OF PHENOMENAL GEOMETRY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03207077
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发表时间：
1990-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
GOGEL, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GOGEL, WC
感知空间的几何(现象几何)是由三个基本要素来规定的：对方向的感知、对距离或深度的感知、对观察者S自身位置或运动的感知。由这三个因素导致的刺激点的表观空间位置因此决定了对大小、方向、形状和运动的派生知觉。现象几何学预计将同时适用于真实和虚幻的感知。它被用来解释一些典型的错觉，包括倒置掩模的虚幻旋转(Gregory，1970)，梯形窗(Ames，1952)，以及其中存在三个基本因素中的一个或多个误差的任何单个或多个点刺激。根据现象几何学的结论，尺寸-距离不变性和运动-距离不变性假设是头部运动范式的特例，对于预测涉及头部或刺激性运动的单个或多个刺激的反应，通常没有必要从补偿、期望或逻辑过程的角度进行解释。在应用现象几何学时，确定了两个假设。假设刺激点的感知定位确定相同的派生感知，而不考虑支持定位的感知信息的来源。这种球杆等价性或球杆替换的假设为几何学提供了相当简约的东西。此外，还假定几何图形所指定的感知在内部是一致的。偏离这种内部一致性，例如出现在大小-距离悖论中的那些，被认为经常反映了非知觉(认知)过程对反应的侵入。讨论了这种唯象几何分析的一些理论意义。
The geometry of perceived space (phenomenal geometry) is specified in terms of three basic factors: the perception of direction, the perception of distance or depth, and the perception of the observer''s own position or motion. The apparent spatial locations of stimulus points resulting from these three factors thereupon determine the derived perceptions of size, orientation, shape, and motion. Phenomenal geometry is expected to apply to both veridical and illusory perceptions. It is applied here to explain a number of representative illusions, including the illusory rotation of an inverted mask (Gregory, 1970), a trapezoidal window (Ames, 1952), and any single or multiple point stimuli in which errors in one or more of the three basic factors are present. It is concluded from phenomenal geometry that the size-distance and motion-distance invariance hypotheses are special cases of the head motion paradigm, and that proposed explanations in terms of compensation, expectation, or logical processes often are unnecessary for predicting responses to single or multiple stimuli involving head or stimulus motion. Two hypotheses are identified in applying phenomenal geometry. It is assumed that the perceptual localization of stimulus points determines the same derived perceptions, regardless of the source of perceptual information supporting the localizations. This assumption of cue equivalence or cue substitution provides considerable parsimony to the geometry. Also, it is assumed that the perceptions specified by the geometry are internally consistent. Departures from this internal consistency, such as those which occur in the size-distance paradox, are considered to often reflect the intrusion of nonperceptual (cognitive) processes into the responses. Some theoretical implications of this analysis of phenomenal geometry are discussed.