Using social norms theory to explain perceptions and sexual health behaviors of undergraduate college students: An exploratory study
Using social norms theory to explain perceptions and sexual health behaviors of undergraduate college students: An exploratory study
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DOI：
10.3200/jach.53.4.159-166
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Holck, PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scholly, K;Katz, AR;Holck, PS
作者和同事对4所大学的本科生的高危性行为进行了基于社会规范的干预。社会规范理论预测，普遍存在的误解可能会鼓励冒险行为，试图误导人们遵守感知的规范，而纠正这些误解的信息将导致此类行为的减少。学生们高估了同龄人的性行为水平、伴侣数量、性传播感染发生率和意外怀孕率，但低估了避孕套的使用率。然而，艾滋病毒检测的比率得到了准确的估计。尽管性危险行为的一些组成部分很适合基于社会规范的干预，但其他组成部分，特别是不一致的避孕套使用和避免艾滋病毒检测，则不适用。虽然在9个月的干预期结束时，报告的信念或做法没有明显的变化，但可能需要更长的或修改的干预措施来对这种方法的效果做出公平的评估。
The authors and associates conducted a social norms-based intervention targeting high-risk sexual behaviors among undergraduate students at 4 college campuses. Social norms theory predicts that widely held misperceptions may encourage risky behavior in a misguided attempt to conform to perceived norms and that information correcting these misperceptions will lead to a decrease in such behaviors. Students overestimated their peers' levels of sexual activity, numbers of partners, incidence of sexually transmitted infections, and rates of unintended pregnancies, but underestimated rates of condom use. Rates of HIV test taking, however, were accurately estimated. Although some components of sexual risk behaviors lend themselves well to social normsbased interventions, others, specifically inconsistent condom use and avoiding HIV tests, do not. Although no changes in reported beliefs or practices were apparent at the end of a 9-month intervention period, longer or modified interventions may be needed to make a fair assessment of the efficacy of this approach.