Robust Control Barrier–Value Functions for Safety-Critical Control

Robust Control Barrier–Value Functions for Safety-Critical Control
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用于安全关键控制的鲁棒控制屏障值函数

DOI:
10.1109/cdc45484.2021.9683085
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Herbert, Sylvia L.
Herbert, Sylvia L.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Choi, Jason J.;Lee, Donggun;Sreenath, Koushil;Tomlin, Claire J.;Herbert, Sylvia L.

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本文致力于统一安全控制领域中的两种流行方法:哈密顿-雅可比可达性和控制屏障功能(CBF)。HJ可达性有直接构造提供安全保证和安全控制器的值函数的方法,但是在线实现可能过于保守和/或依赖抖动砰-砰控制。CBF社区有使用二次规划的逐点优化(CBF-QP)形式的安全保护控制器的方法,其中使用基于CBF的安全证书作为约束。然而,为一般动力系统找到一个有效的CBF是具有挑战性的。本文将这两种方法结合起来,引入一种受CBFS结构启发的新的可达性公式来构造控制障碍值函数(CBVF)。我们证明了CBVF是一个新的Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs变分不等式的粘性解,并且保持了与原始可达性公式相同的安全性保证。最后,受CBF-QP的启发,提出了一种基于QP的仿射控制和扰动系统的在线控制综合方法,其解始终是CBVF对有界干扰鲁棒的最优控制信号。我们通过与以前的方法进行比较,证明了在双积分器和Dubins汽车系统中使用CBVF的好处。
This paper works towards unifying two popular approaches in the safety control community: Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) reachability and Control Barrier Functions (CBFs). HJ Reachability has methods for direct construction of value functions that provide safety guarantees and safe controllers, however the online implementation can be overly conservative and/or rely on chattering bang-bang control. The CBF community has methods for safe-guarding controllers in the form of point-wise optimization using quadratic programs (CBF-QP), where the CBF-based safety certificate is used as a constraint. However, finding a valid CBF for a general dynamical system is challenging. This paper unifies these two methods by introducing a new reachability formulation inspired by the structure of CBFs to construct a Control Barrier-Value Function (CBVF). We verify that CBVF is a viscosity solution to a novel Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs Variational Inequality and preserves the same safety guarantee as the original reachability formulation. Finally, inspired by the CBF-QP, we propose a QP-based online control synthesis for systems affine in control and disturbance, whose solution is always the CBVF’s optimal control signal robust to bounded disturbance. We demonstrate the benefit of using the CBVFs for double-integrator and Dubins car systems by comparing it to previous methods.
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