Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors Among High School Students - Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2019
Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors Among High School Students - Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2019
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DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.su6901a6
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发表时间：
2020-08-21
影响因子：
33.9
通讯作者：
Brown, Margaret
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ivey-Stephenson, Asha Z.;Demissie, Zewditu;Brown, Margaret
自杀是14-18岁高中生死亡的第二大原因，仅次于意外伤害。本报告总结了美国疾病预防控制中心2019年青少年风险行为调查中有关自杀意念（即认真考虑自杀）和行为（即制定自杀计划、自杀未遂和自杀未遂需要就医）的数据。总体报告结果，并按性别、年级、种族/民族、性身份和性接触的性别、总体和性别群体进行报告。2009-2019年期间，自杀企图的趋势也按性别、种族/民族和年级进行了报告。在2009-2019年期间，总体而言，女性、非西班牙裔白人、非西班牙裔黑人和12年级学生的自杀企图患病率有所上升。2019年的数据反映了人口统计学在自杀意念和行为方面的巨大差异。例如，在2019年期间，共有18.8%的学生报告认真考虑过自杀，其中女性的患病率估计最高（24.1%）；非西班牙裔白人学生（19.1%）；曾与同性或两性发生性行为的学生（54.2%）；自认为是女同性恋、男同性恋或双性恋的学生占46.8%。在所有学生中，8.9%的人报告曾试图自杀，其中女性的患病率估计最高（11.0%）；非西班牙裔黑人学生（11.8%）；曾与同性或两性发生性关系的学生（30.3%）；自认为是女同性恋、男同性恋或双性恋的学生占23.4%。综合自杀预防可以通过实施预防自杀的计划、做法和政策（例如，育儿计划）、支持目前处于自杀风险中的人（例如，心理治疗）、防止再次尝试（例如，急诊科随访）以及照顾因自杀而失去朋友或亲人的人来解决这些差异并减少自杀意念和行为的流行。
Suicide is the second leading cause of death among high school-aged youths 14-18 years after unintentional injuries. This report summarizes data regarding suicidal ideation (i.e., seriously considered suicide) and behaviors (i.e., made a suicide plan, attempted suicide, and made a suicide attempt requiring medical treatment) from CDC's 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Results are reported overall and by sex, grade, race/ethnicity, sexual identity, and sex of sexual contacts, overall and within sex groups. Trends in suicide attempts during 2009-2019 are also reported by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade. During 2009-2019, prevalence of suicide attempts increased overall and among female, non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and 12th-grade students. Data from 2019 reflect substantial differences by demographics regarding suicidal ideation and behaviors. For example, during 2019, a total of 18.8% of students reported having seriously considered suicide, with prevalence estimates highest among females (24.1%); white non-Hispanic students (19.1%); students who reported having sex with persons of the same sex or with both sexes (54.2%); and students who identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (46.8%). Among all students, 8.9% reported having attempted suicide, with prevalence estimates highest among females (11.0%); black non-Hispanic students (11.8%); students who reported having sex with persons of the same sex or with both sexes (30.3%); and students who identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (23.4%). Comprehensive suicide prevention can address these differences and reduce prevalence of suicidal ideation and behaviors by implementing programs, practices, and policies that prevent suicide (e.g., parenting programs), supporting persons currently at risk (e.g., psychotherapy), preventing reattempts (e.g., emergency department follow-up), and attending to persons who have lost a friend or loved one to suicide.