Intestinal microbiota in pathophysiology and management of irritable bowel syndrome
Intestinal microbiota in pathophysiology and management of irritable bowel syndrome
复制标题
DOI：
10.3748/wjg.v20.i27.8886
复制
发表时间：
2014-07-21
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Lee, Oh Young
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, Kang Nyeong;Lee, Oh Young
肠易激综合征(IBS)是一种功能性肠道疾病，没有任何结构或代谢异常来充分解释症状，包括腹痛和不适，以及腹泻和便秘等肠道习惯改变。其发病机制是多因素的：内脏过敏、运动障碍、心理社会因素、遗传或环境因素、脑肠轴调节失调和肠道微生物区系改变都被认为是可能的原因。人类肠道微生物区系由1000多种不同的细菌和1014个细胞组成，对肠道的发育、功能和稳态以及个人健康都是必不可少的。微生物区系在IBS发病中的作用机制可能包括微生物区系组成或代谢活动的改变、粘膜免疫激活和炎症、肠道通透性增加和粘膜屏障功能受损、微生物区系引起的感觉-运动障碍以及肠道-微生物区-脑轴的紊乱。因此，通过改变饮食，以及使用抗生素、益生菌和抗炎药来调节肠道微生物区系，已被建议作为管理IBS症状的策略。本文就肠道微生物区系在肠易激综合征的病理生理和治疗中的作用进行综述和讨论。(C)2014百仕登出版集团有限公司，版权所有。
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder without any structural or metabolic abnormalities that sufficiently explain the symptoms, which include abdominal pain and discomfort, and bowel habit changes such as diarrhea and constipation. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial: visceral hypersensitivity, dysmotility, psychosocial factors, genetic or environmental factors, dysregulation of the brain-gut axis, and altered intestinal microbiota have all been proposed as possible causes. The human intestinal microbiota are composed of more than 1000 different bacterial species and 1014 cells, and are essential for the development, function, and homeostasis of the intestine, and for individual health. The putative mechanisms that explain the role of microbiota in the development of IBS include altered composition or metabolic activity of the microbiota, mucosal immune activation and inflammation, increased intestinal permeability and impaired mucosal barrier function, sensory-motor disturbances provoked by the microbiota, and a disturbed gut-microbiota-brain axis. Therefore, modulation of the intestinal microbiota through dietary changes, and use of antibiotics, probiotics, and anti-inflammatory agents has been suggested as strategies for managing IBS symptoms. This review summarizes and discusses the accumulating evidence that intestinal microbiota play a role in the pathophysiology and management of IBS. (C) 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.