Mountain building in the Nepal Himalaya: Thermal and kinematic model
Mountain building in the Nepal Himalaya: Thermal and kinematic model
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DOI：
10.1016/j.epsl.2006.01.045
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发表时间：
2006-04
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
L. Bollinger;P. Henry;J. Avouac
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Bollinger;P. Henry;J. Avouac
我们模拟了尼泊尔喜马拉雅地区的地壳变形和由此产生的热结构，假设自20Ma以来，整个范围内的缩短主要是由一条逆冲断层——喜马拉雅主逆冲断层（MHT）的滑动所占据，喜马拉雅楔体的生长主要是由底板和地壳中部深部双相断层的发育造成的。我们发现，这一过程可以解释整个小喜马拉雅（LH）记录的逆热变质梯度，整个MCT的峰值变质温度的不连续，以及整个范围内出土年龄的分布。这一研究表明，近2000万年来该山脉的变质演化与最近地壳变形的运动学是一致的，这些变形是由构造和大地测量研究推断出来的。
We model crustal deformation and the resulting thermal structure across the Nepal Himalaya, assuming that, since 20Ma, shortening across the range has been primarily taken up by slip along a single thrust fault, the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT) Fault, and that the growth of the Himalayan wedge has resulted mainly from underplating and to the development of a duplex at midcrustal depth. We show that this process can account for the inverse thermal metamorphic gradient documented throughout the Lesser Himalaya (LH), the discontinuity of peak metamorphic temperatures across the MCT, as well as the distribution of age of exhumation across the range. This study suggests that the metamorphic evolution of the range over about the last 20 million years is compatible with the kinematics of recent crustal deformation deduced from morphotectonic and geodetic studies.