Temporal analysis of Lassa virus infection and transmission in experimentally infected Mastomys natalensis.
Temporal analysis of Lassa virus infection and transmission in experimentally infected Mastomys natalensis.
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实验感染的 Mastomys natalensis 中拉沙病毒感染和传播的时间分析。
DOI：
10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac114
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Feldmann,Heinz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Safronetz,David;Rosenke,Kyle;Meade-White,Kimberley;Sloan,Angela;Maiga,Ousmane;Bane,Sidy;Martellaro,Cynthia;Scott,DanaP;Sogoba,Nafomon;Feldmann,Heinz
关于拉沙病毒（LASV）在其自然宿主（Mastomys natalensis）内感染和传播的时间模式知之甚少。在这里，我们描述了 LASV 分离株 (Soromba-R) 在实验室饲养的成年 M 中的感染动态和传播性。 natalens源自马里。事实证明，实验室饲养的 M.natalene 通过多种接触途径对来自西非不同地理区域的 LASV 分离株高度敏感，50% 的感染剂量 < 1 TCID50。接种后，LASV Soromba-R 建立了全身感染，但没有临床疾病迹象。在所有九个组织中均检测到病毒 RNA，大多数器官在感染后 7 至 14 天之间检测到病毒 RNA 浓度达到峰值。大多数器官感染后 40 天内病毒总体呈清除趋势。肺部样本是个例外，它在 85 天的研究过程中一直保持阳性。直接（接触）和间接（接触）传播实验表明，40% 的实验性感染M. natalensis 能够将 LASV 传播给幼稚动物，传播率峰值出现在接种后 28 至 42 天之间。实验感染的雄性和雌性啮齿动物之间的感染或传播模式没有差异。实验室饲养的成年M. natalensis 对遗传上不同的 LASV 毒株高度敏感，会产生与病毒脱落相关的暂时无症状感染，导致群体内接触和污染物传播。
Little is known about the temporal patterns of infection and transmission of Lassa virus (LASV) within its natural reservoir (Mastomys natalensis). Here, we characterize infection dynamics and transmissibility of a LASV isolate (Soromba-R) in adult lab-rearedM. natalensisoriginating from Mali. The lab-reared M.natalenesisproved to be highly susceptible to LASV isolates from geographically distinct regions of West Africa via multiple routes of exposure, with 50% infectious doses of < 1 TCID50. Postinoculation, LASV Soromba-R established a systemic infection with no signs of clinical disease. Viral RNA was detected in all nine tissues examined with peak concentrations detected between days 7 and 14 postinfection within most organs. There was an overall trend toward clearance of virus within 40 days of infection in most organs. The exception is lung specimens, which retained positivity throughout the course of the 85-day study. Direct (contact) and indirect (fomite) transmission experiments demonstrated 40% of experimentally infectedM. natalensiswere capable of transmitting LASV to naïve animals, with peak transmissibility occurring between 28 and 42 days post-inoculation. No differences in patterns of infection or transmission were noted between male and female experimentally infected rodents. Adult lab-rearedM. natalensisare highly susceptible to genetically distinct LASV strains developing a temporary asymptomatic infection associated with virus shedding resulting in contact and fomite transmission within a cohort.