The Evolutionary Basis of Risky Adolescent Behavior: Implications for Science, Policy, and Practice
The Evolutionary Basis of Risky Adolescent Behavior: Implications for Science, Policy, and Practice
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/a0026220
复制
发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Wilson, David Sloan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ellis, Bruce J.;Del Giudice, Marco;Wilson, David Sloan
本文提出了青春期危险行为的进化模型，并将其与流行的发展精神病理学模型进行了对比。进化模型认为，理解青春期的进化功能对于解释为什么青少年会从事危险行为至关重要，并且成功的干预取决于与青少年的目标和动机合作，而不是反对。本文阐述了关于青少年危险行为的 5 个关键进化见解： (a) 青少年过渡是社会地位和生殖轨迹发展的拐点； (b) 干预措施需要解决欺凌等危险和攻击性行为的适应功能； (c) 青少年的危险行为会根据发育情况进行适应性调整，以适应恶劣和不可预测的环境条件； (d) 了解进化而来的性别差异对于了解危险行为的心理至关重要； (e) 当前和过去环境的不匹配可能会导致青少年行为失调，按年龄划分的社会群体就证明了这一点。进化模型对于设计针对高危青少年的干预措施具有广泛的影响，并为其他角度尚未出现的研究提出了新的方向。
This article proposes an evolutionary model of risky behavior in adolescence and contrasts it with the prevailing developmental psychopathology model. The evolutionary model contends that understanding the evolutionary functions of adolescence is critical to explaining why adolescents engage in risky behavior and that successful intervention depends on working with, instead of against, adolescent goals and motivations. The current article articulates 5 key evolutionary insights into risky adolescent behavior: (a) The adolescent transition is an inflection point in development of social status and reproductive trajectories; (b) interventions need to address the adaptive functions of risky and aggressive behaviors like bullying; (c) risky adolescent behavior adaptively calibrates over development to match both harsh and unpredictable environmental conditions; (d) understanding evolved sex differences is critical for understanding the psychology of risky behavior; and (e) mismatches between current and past environments can dysregulate adolescent behavior, as demonstrated by age-segregated social groupings. The evolutionary model has broad implications for designing interventions for high-risk youth and suggests new directions for research that have not been forthcoming from other perspectives.