Predicting underage drinking and driving behaviors
Predicting underage drinking and driving behaviors
复制标题
DOI：
10.1046/j.1360-0443.1996.911218438.x
复制
发表时间：
1996-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Voas, RB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grube, JW;Voas, RB
对来自美国西部7个州的706名16-20岁的驾驶员进行了随机数字拨号电话调查，并对未成年人酒后驾驶（DUI）和酒后驾驶（RWDD）的社会心理模型进行了测试。与该模型一致，结构方程分析表明，DUI和RWDD主要由以下因素预测：（a）DUI的身体风险预期，（B）关于朋友不赞成DUI的程度的规范信念，（c）关于避免DUI和RWDD的难易程度的控制信念，以及（d）饮酒。对执法的期望对RWDD有重大影响，但对DUI没有影响。在分析的背景和环境变量中，只有夜间驾驶和年龄对DUI和RWDD有显著的直接影响。饮酒和参与危险驾驶对DUI和RWDD有间接影响，这些影响是通过预期和规范信念介导的。男性，欧洲裔美国人，拉丁美洲人，更频繁驾驶的受访者和受教育程度较低的受访者持有对DUI和RWDD更有利的信念，喝得更多，更频繁地从事危险驾驶。因此，这些人可能有更大的风险DUI和RWDD。
A social-psychological model of underage drinking and driving (DUI) and riding with drinking drivers (RWDD) was tested with data from a random digit dial telephone survey of 706 16-20-year-old drivers from seven western states in the United States. Consistent with the model, a structural equations analysis indicated that DUI and RWDD were primarily predicted by (a) expectancies regarding the physical risks of DUI, (b) normative beliefs about the extent to which friends would disapprove of DUI, (c) control beliefs about the ease or difficulty a avoiding DUI and RWDD and (d) drinking. Expectancies concerning enforcement had a significant effect on RWDD, but not on DUI. Among the background and environmental variables included in the analysis, only night-time driving and age had significant direct effects on DUI and RWDD. Drinking and involvement in risky driving had indirect effects on DUI and RWDD that were mediated through expectancies and normative beliefs. Males, European Americans, Latinos, respondents who drove more frequently and respondents who were less educated held beliefs that were more favorable toward DUI and RWDD, drank more and engaged more frequently in risky driving. As a result, such individuals may be at greater risk for DUI and RWDD.