Biodegradation of polypropylene by yellow mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) and superworms (Zophobas atratus) via gut-microbe-dependent depolymerization.
Biodegradation of polypropylene by yellow mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) and superworms (Zophobas atratus) via gut-microbe-dependent depolymerization.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144087
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
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通讯作者：
Shanshan Yang;Meng-Qi Ding;Lei He;Chunyuan Zhang;Qing-Xiang Li;D. Xing;Guang-li Cao;Lei Zhao-
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shanshan Yang;Meng-Qi Ding;Lei He;Chunyuan Zhang;Qing-Xiang Li;D. Xing;Guang-li Cao;Lei Zhao-
聚丙烯（PP）是一种广泛应用的化石基聚烯烃塑料，具有不可水解性和生物降解性，是环境中塑料污染物的主要来源。本研究主要研究了PP在两种拟步甲幼虫体内降解的可行性，黄粉虫（黄粉虫）和超级虫（Zophobas atratus），使用数均分子量（Mn）、重均分子量（Mw）和尺寸平均分子量（Mz）分别为109.8、356.2和765.0 kDa的PP泡沫。用各自的幼虫（300 T. molitorand 200Z.在25 ° C和65%湿度下，在35天的时间段内，在每个培养箱（atratuseincubator）中培养。幼虫在T.莫利托兰德Z.以PP泡沫为唯一饲料的摄食率分别为1.0 ± 0.4和3.1 ± 0.4 mg/100头幼虫-1d-1，添加麦麸的摄食率分别提高了68.11%和39.70%。采用凝胶渗透色谱法对T.莫利托兰德Z.摄食PP的黑腹果蝇幼虫，其Mw分别降低20.4 ± 0.8%和9.0 ± 0.4%，Mn分别增加12.1 ± 0.4%和61.5 ± 2.5%，Mz分别降低33.8 ± 1.5%和32.0 ± 1.1%，表明其解聚程度有限。通过对残渣中PP残留量的分析，证实了PP的氧化和生物降解作用。用抗生素庆大霉素抑制肠道微生物可抑制两种动物的PP解聚。莫利托兰德Z.无尾幼虫高通量16S rRNA测序结果表明，柠檬酸盐杆菌（Citrophylosp.）和肠球菌属（Enterococcus sp.）与Z的肠道微生物组中的PP饮食相关。以克鲁维拉（Kluyvera）为优势种。黄粉虫幼虫结果表明，PP在两种菌中都可以被生物降解。莫利托兰德Z.通过肠道微生物依赖性解聚与多种微生物群的作用，
Polypropylene (PP), a fossil-based polyolefin plastics widely used worldwide, is non-hydrolyzable and resistant to biodegradation as a major source of plastic pollutants in environment. This study focused on feasibility of PP biodegradation in the larvae of two species of darkling beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) i.e., yellow mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) and superworms (Zophobas atratus) using PP foam with number-, weight-, and size-average molecular weights (Mn, Mw, and Mz) of 109.8, 356.2, and 765.0 kDa, respectively. The tests were conducted in duplicates with respective larvae (300T. molitorand 200Z. atratuseach incubator) at 25 °C and 65% humidity for over a 35-day period. The larvae ofT. molitorandZ. atratusfed with PP foam as sole diet consumed PP at 1.0 ± 0.4 and 3.1 ± 0.4 mg 100 larvae−1days−1, respectively; when fed the PP foam plus wheat bran, the consumption rates were enhanced by 68.11% and 39.70%, respectively. Gel permeation chromatography analyses of the frass ofT. molitorandZ. atratuslarvae fed PP only indicated that Mwwas decreased by 20.4 ± 0.8% and 9.0 ± 0.4%; Mnwas increased by 12.1 ± 0.4% and 61.5 ± 2.5%; Mzwas decreased by 33.8 ± 1.5% and 32.0 ± 1.1%, indicating limited extent depolymerization. Oxidation and biodegradation of PP was confirmed through analysis of the residual PP in frass. Depression of gut microbes with the antibiotic gentamicin inhibited PP depolymerization in bothT. molitorandZ. atratuslarvae. High throughput 16S rRNA sequencing revealed thatCitrobactersp. andEnterobactersp. were associated with PP diets in the gut microbiome ofZ. atratuslarvae whileKluyverawas predominant in theT. molitorlarvae. The results indicated that PP can be biodegraded in bothT. molitorandZ. atratuslarvae via gut microbe-dependent depolymerization with diversified microbiomes.