NUTRITIONAL-STATUS IN APPLES AND JUNE DROP
NUTRITIONAL-STATUS IN APPLES AND JUNE DROP
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DOI：
10.21273/jashs.120.1.71
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发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
COCUCCI, SM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ABRUZZESE, A;MIGNANI, I;COCUCCI, SM
苹果（Mains Aktica Borkh.）树木经常受到严重的六月落果的影响，这往往与涉及水果营养的竞争现象有关。这项研究的目的是确定6月份“Gloster”/M.9苹果的产量下降是否与种子和果实发育过程中养分供应减少有关。在测试期间[盛开后30至62天（AFB）]，开花的果实的直径与13天前持续果实所达到的直径相似。测定了与果实营养状况有关的生化指标，结果表明，果实在AFB后38天出现一个分解高峰。将持果（对照）和贮藏的果实与13天后贮藏的果实进行沿着比较。与对照相比，两种处理果实的皮层组织中可溶性还原糖和蔗糖含量较高，K+、酸水解多糖和蛋白质含量较低。此外，Ca 2+含量较高，在相同年龄的对照，而有相同大小的果实相比，没有差异;总氨基酸水平在相同年龄的对照和熟果相似，但有一个相同大小的熟果的氨基酸水平较低。皮层组织的组织学分析表明，与对照相比，脱水果实具有较大的细胞，细胞核不明显，细胞壁较薄。与对照水果相比，pesticised水果表现出相同的平均种子数和种子生长的严重抑制;从两种pesticised水果的种子具有相同或更高水平的参数测量。果实脱落率与种子和果实的营养成分含量均无显著正相关。
Apple (Mains domestica Borkh.) trees are often affected by a severe June fruit drop, which is often correlated with competition phenomena involving fruit nutrition. This research was initiated to determine if June drop in ''Gloster''/M.9 apple could be correlated with a diminished nutrient availability in developing seeds and fruit. During the test period [30 to 62 days after full bloom (AFB)], the fruit that abscised had a diameter similar to that reached by persisting fruit 13 days earlier. Biochemical parameters related to nutritional status of fruit were measured when an abscission peak occurred 38 days AFB. Persisting fruit (control) and abscised fruit were compared along with fruit that abscise 13 days later. The cortex tissue obtained from the two kinds of abscised fruit showed a higher level of soluble reducing sugars and sucrose and a lower content of K+, acid hydrolyzabte polysaccharides, and protein compared to the control. Further, the Ca2+ content was higher in abscised fruit than in controls of the same age, whereas there was no difference when fruit of the same size were compared; Total amino acid level was similar in control and abscised fruit at the same age, but there was a lower amino acid level in abscised fruit of the same size. Histological analysis of cortex tissue indicated that abscised fruit have larger cells with less evident nuclei and thinner cell walls than controls. Compared to control fruit, abscised fruit showed the same average number of seeds and a severe inhibition of seed growth; seeds from both kinds of abscised fruit had the same or higher levels of the parameters measured. No positive correlations were observed between fruit abscission and nutrient content of seeds or fruit.