Do rhesus macaques, Macaca mulatta, understand what others know when gaze following?
Do rhesus macaques, Macaca mulatta, understand what others know when gaze following?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.10.016
复制
发表时间：
2017-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Santos, Laurie R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drayton, Lindsey A.;Santos, Laurie R.
注视别人注视的地方的基本倾向为动物提供了了解环境中重要物体的机会，比如同种生物、食物和捕食者的位置。尽管研究表明，许多群居物种能够跟随他人的目光，但不同物种在多大程度上依赖于复杂的认知能力来跟随目光仍存在争议。虽然一些物种通过相对不灵活的定向反应跟随凝视，但其他物种的凝视跟随可能反映了对视觉视角和代理注意力状态的更深层次的理解。弄清不同物种注视跟随的机制是解决“为什么不同物种的注视跟随技能不同”这一具有挑战性的终极问题的关键第一步。因此，我们探讨了恒河猴是否具有对凝视的心理理解。具体来说，我们测试了恒河猴是否能够将伴侣的知识状态表征融入到它们的目光跟随反应中。在我们的研究中，猕猴看到一个人类演员以一种惊讶的方式看向远处。我们操纵了演员之前是否看到过他视线中的第一个物体。我们发现，当演员之前见过这个物体时，猴子寻找演员凝视的另一个目标的速度要比没有见过这个物体时快。这表明恒河猴可能对凝视线索有一种心理上的理解。(C) 2017动物行为研究协会。Elsevier Ltd.出版。版权所有。
A basic tendency to look where others are looking provides animals with the opportunity to learn about important objects in the environment, such as the location of conspecifics, food and predators. Although research has shown that many social species are able to follow others' gaze, the extent to which different species rely on sophisticated cognitive capacities when gaze following is debated. Whereas some species follow gaze via a relatively inflexible orienting response, gaze following in other species may reflect a deeper understanding of the visual perspective and attentional states of agents. Identifying the mechanisms underlying gaze following in different species is the critical first step to addressing the challenging ultimate question of why different species vary in their gaze-following skills. Therefore, we explored whether rhesus macaques have a mentalistic understanding of gaze. Specifically, we tested whether rhesus macaques are able to incorporate representations of a partner's knowledge state into their gaze-following response. In our study, macaques saw a human actor look to a distant location in a surprised manner. We manipulated whether or not the actor had previously seen the very first object in his line of sight. We found that monkeys looked for an alternative target of the actor's gaze more quickly when the actor had previously seen the object compared to when he had not. This suggests that rhesus macaques may have a mentalistic understanding of gaze cues. (C) 2017 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.