Diagnosis of the hydrology of a small Arctic basin at the tundra-taiga transition using a physically based hydrological model
Diagnosis of the hydrology of a small Arctic basin at the tundra-taiga transition using a physically based hydrological model
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.05.042
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Marsh, Philip
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krogh, Sebastian A.;Pomeroy, John W.;Marsh, Philip
更好地了解寒冷地区的水文过程和制度在过渡环境中的气候和植被变化下的未来北极淡水通量的预测是至关重要的。利用寒区水文模型平台，为冻土-针叶林过渡区的一个小型北极盆地建立了一个基于物理的水文模型。该模型代表雪再分配和升华风和植被，融雪能量收支，蒸散，地下流动通过有机地形，渗透到冻土，冻结和解冻的土壤，永久冻土和径流路由。该模型被用来重建流域水循环超过28年，了解和量化的质量通量控制其水文制度。模型结构和参数是根据目前对北极水文、遥感、流域和区域实地研究的了解以及对径流观测的校准确定的。校准仅限于地下水力和储存参数。多目标评价模型使用观测到的径流，积雪和地面冻融状态显示出足够的模拟。冻土带，灌木和森林的网站之间的冬季质量通量的显着的空间变异性，特别是由于大量的吹雪再分配和升华，从风席卷上盆地，以及从森林（约17%的降雪量）冠层拦截雪的升华。在流域尺度上，该模型表明，蒸散是最大的水分损失（47%），其次是径流（39%）和升华（14%）。分析了模型流量性能对一组参数的敏感性，以及与这些参数相关的平均年质量平衡不确定性。(C)2017作者由爱思唯尔公司出版
A better understanding of cold regions hydrological processes and regimes in transitional environments is critical for predicting future Arctic freshwater fluxes under climate and vegetation change. A physically based hydrological model using the Cold Regions Hydrological Model platform was created for a small Arctic basin in the tundra-taiga transition region. The model represents snow redistribution and sublimation by wind and vegetation, snowmelt energy budget, evapotranspiration, subsurface flow through organic terrain, infiltration to frozen soils, freezing and thawing of soils, permafrost and streamflow routing. The model was used to reconstruct the basin water cycle over 28 years to understand and quantify the mass fluxes controlling its hydrological regime. Model structure and parameters were set from the current understanding of Arctic hydrology, remote sensing, field research in the basin and region, and calibration against streamflow observations. Calibration was restricted to subsurface hydraulic and storage parameters. Multi-objective evaluation of the model using observed streamflow, snow accumulation and ground freeze/thaw state showed adequate simulation. Significant spatial variability in the winter mass fluxes was found between tundra, shrubs and forested sites, particularly due to the substantial blowing snow redistribution and sublimation from the wind-swept upper basin, as well as sublimation of canopy intercepted snow from the forest (about 17% of snowfall). At the basin scale, the model showed that evapotranspiration is the largest loss of water (47%), followed by streamflow (39%) and sublimation (14%). The models streamflow performance sensitivity to a set of parameter was analysed, as well as the mean annual mass balance uncertainty associated with these parameters. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.