Turning performance in squid and cuttlefish: unique dual-mode, muscular hydrostatic systems
Turning performance in squid and cuttlefish: unique dual-mode, muscular hydrostatic systems
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.126839
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Krueger, Paul S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jastrebsky, Rachel A.;Bartol, Ian K.;Krueger, Paul S.
虽然稳定的游泳在先前的研究中受到了相当大的关注，但不稳定的游泳运动在许多水生动物的运动技能中占了很大的比例，并且没有得到广泛的研究。鱿鱼和乌贼是头足类动物，具有独特的肌肉液压驱动，双模式推进系统，包括成对的鳍和脉冲射流。这些动物表现出广泛的游泳行为，但转向性能尚未进行定量研究。简短的鱿鱼，Lolliguncula brevis，和矮乌贼，乌贼bandensis，在轮流使用高速摄像机拍摄。跟踪运动学特征，包括长度特定的转弯半径（R/L），机动性的测量，和角速度（Ω），敏捷性的测量。两个湖brevis和S. bandensis表现出高机动性，（R/L）（最小值）为3.4x10（-3）+/- 5.9x10（-4）和1.2x10（-3）+/- 4.7x10（-4）（平均值+/- s.e.m.），这是任何水生类群报告的R/L的最低测量值。短棒杆线虫的敏捷性比短棒杆线虫高。bandensis（ω（a，max）=725.8对485.0 deg s（-1）），与相似大小的柔体和刚体游泳动物相比，这两种头足类动物的敏捷性处于中等水平，反映了它们的混合身体结构。在洛简而言之，射流是角速度的主要驱动力。不对称的鳍运动所起的作用较小，而裹臂则在不同程度上提高了转弯性能，具体取决于物种。研究表明，喷流与尾翼的配合对转弯性能有重要影响。brevis比S. bandensis和S. bandensis比L实现更紧凑、更可控的转弯。brevis。
Although steady swimming has received considerable attention in prior studies, unsteady swimming movements represent a larger portion of many aquatic animals' locomotive repertoire and have not been examined extensively. Squids and cuttlefishes are cephalopods with unique muscular hydrostat-driven, dual-mode propulsive systems involving paired fins and a pulsed jet. These animals exhibit a wide range of swimming behavior, but turning performance has not been examined quantitatively. Brief squid, Lolliguncula brevis, and dwarf cuttlefish, Sepia bandensis, were filmed during turns using high-speed cameras. Kinematic features were tracked, including the length-specific radius of the turn (R/L), a measure of maneuverability, and angular velocity (omega), a measure of agility. Both L. brevis and S. bandensis demonstrated high maneuverability, with (R/L)(min) values of 3.4x10(-3)+/- 5.9x10(-4) and 1.2x10(-3)+/- 4.7x10(-4) (mean +/- s.e.m.), respectively, which are the lowest measures of R/L reported for any aquatic taxa. Lolliguncula brevis exhibited higher agility than S. bandensis (omega(a,max)=725.8 versus 485.0 deg s(-1)), and both cephalopods have intermediate agility when compared with flexible-bodied and rigid-bodied nekton of similar size, reflecting their hybrid body architecture. In L. brevis, jet flows were the principal driver of angular velocity. Asymmetric fin motions played a reduced role, and arm wrapping increased turning performance to varying degrees depending on the species. This study indicates that coordination between the jet and fins is important for turning performance, with L. brevis achieving faster turns than S. bandensis and S. bandensis achieving tighter, more controlled turns than L. brevis.