Improved mm-wave photometry for kinetic inductance detectors

Improved mm-wave photometry for kinetic inductance detectors
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改进动感电感探测器的毫米波光度测定

DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361/201219854
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
6.5
通讯作者:
Calvo M
Calvo M
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Calvo M

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我们已经开发了一种双波段(140和220 GHz)毫米波成像相机的基础上超导动力学电感探测器(KID)阵列。每个阵列包含132个超导谐振器,其谐振频率通过毫米波光子吸收而偏移。利用固有的KID频域多路复用性,每个频带用单个电子链实现读出。该阵列易于扩展,并很好地适应未来的大格式焦平面仪器。Nika NIKA KID阵列是专门为皮科Veleta的IRAM 30 m望远镜设计的,是第一批使用KID测量天文源的仪器之一。目的在这封信中,我们描述了为提高仪器的校准精度和灵敏度而采用的解决方案,并报告了10月第三次NIKA观测运行的结果。2011.MethodsWe使用一个快速的电子调制的读出音调为每个KID像素,以线性化的仪器校准,我们跟踪与行星的测量。我们还采用了一种新的设计的KID,敏感的两个偏振,以增加吸收的辐射量,从而光学efficiencyofthesystem.ResultsWe测量的平均灵敏度在天空中的21 mJys0.5每束在140 GHz和140 mJys0.5在220 GHz的最佳观测条件(τ220 <$0.2)后,大气噪声去相关。在220 GHz的灵敏度是有限的大气衰减和负载,以及在光谱带宽的减少,由于错位的过滤器。我们发现,在整个观察运行中,光度测定的重复性在两个波段中均优于10%,从而证明了与之前运行相比的显著改善。我们还发现NIKA测量的微弱的天文源和以前的测量相同的来源之间的良好的协议。
ContextWe have developed a dual-band (140 and 220 GHz) mm-wave imaging camera based on superconducting kinetic inductance detector (KID) arrays. Each array contains 132 superconducting resonators whose resonant frequencies are shifted by mm-wave photons absorption. The read out is achieved with a single electronics chain per band, taking advantage of the intrinsic KID frequency-domain multiplexability. The arrays are easily scalable and well adapted for future large format focal plane instruments. NIKA (formerly Néel IRAM KID Array, now New IRAM KID Array) has been specifically designed for the IRAM 30 m telescope at Pico Veleta, and is one of the first instruments using KIDs to have made measurements of astronomical sources.AimsIn this Letter we describe the solutions adopted to improve the calibration accuracy and the sensitivity of the instrument, and we report on the outcome of the 3rd NIKA observing run of October, 2011.MethodsWe use a fast electronic modulation of the readout tone for each KID pixel in order to linearize the instrument calibration, which we track with measurements of planets. We also adopt a new design of the KIDs, sensitive to both polarizations, to increase the amount of radiation absorbed and thus the optical efficiency of the system.ResultsWe measured an average sensitivity on the sky of 21 mJys0.5per beam at 140 GHz and 140 mJys0.5at 220 GHz in the best observing conditions (τ220≃ 0.2) after atmospheric noise decorrelation. The sensitivity at 220 GHz was limited by the atmospheric attenuation and loading as well as a reduction in the spectral bandwidth due to a misplaced filter. We found the repeatability in the photometry over the entire observing run to be better than 10% in both bands, thus demonstrating a significant improvement over the previous runs. We also find good agreement between NIKA measurements of faint astronomical sources and previous measurements of the same sources.
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