Instability of a planar fluid interface under a tangential electric field in a stagnation point flow

Instability of a planar fluid interface under a tangential electric field in a stagnation point flow
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驻点流切向电场下平面流体界面的不稳定性

DOI:
10.1017/jfm.2021.967
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Saintillan, David
Saintillan, David
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Firouznia, Mohammadhossein;Miksis, Michael J.;Vlahovska, Petia M.;Saintillan, David

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两种不混溶流体之间的界面在外加切向电场的作用下会变得不稳定,同时伴随着驻点流动。在包括带电液滴的赤道处在内的广泛范围的电流体动力学系统中出现的这种典型情况可以导致不稳定的界面偏转,其中扰动界面在经历强电荷积累的同时沿着流的延伸轴被沿着拉。在这里,我们提出了分析和数值分析的稳定性的平面界面分离两个不混溶的流体层受到切向电场和驻点流。界面电荷动力学被捕获的欧姆传导,对流和有限的电荷弛豫占守恒方程。使用这个模型,我们进行了局部线性稳定性分析在附近的停滞点,研究系统的行为方面的相关无量纲组的问题。局部理论的补充与数值正常模式的线性稳定性分析的基础上,使用边界元法的完整系统的方程和边界条件。我们的分析表明,微妙的相互作用的电荷对流和传导系统的动力学,反对对方占主导地位的不稳定的本征模。最后,全非线性问题的数值模拟演示了如何耦合的流动和界面电荷动力学可以引起非线性现象,如尖端的形成和增长的电荷密度冲击。
The interface between two immiscible fluids can become unstable under the effect of an imposed tangential electric field along with a stagnation point flow. This canonical situation, which arises in a wide range of electrohydrodynamic systems including at the equator of electrified droplets, can result in unstable interface deflections where the perturbed interface gets drawn along the extensional axis of the flow while experiencing strong charge build-up. Here, we present analytical and numerical analyses of the stability of a planar interface separating two immiscible fluid layers subject to a tangential electric field and a stagnation point flow. The interfacial charge dynamics is captured by a conservation equation accounting for Ohmic conduction, advection by the flow and finite charge relaxation. Using this model, we perform a local linear stability analysis in the vicinity of the stagnation point to study the behaviour of the system in terms of the relevant dimensionless groups of the problem. The local theory is complemented with a numerical normal-mode linear stability analysis based on the full system of equations and boundary conditions using the boundary element method. Our analysis demonstrates the subtle interplay of charge convection and conduction in the dynamics of the system, which oppose one another in the dominant unstable eigenmode. Finally, numerical simulations of the full nonlinear problem demonstrate how the coupling of flow and interfacial charge dynamics can give rise to nonlinear phenomena such as tip formation and the growth of charge density shocks.
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