Degradation of diclofenac aqueous solutions in a 3D electrolytic reactor using carbon-based materials as pseudo third electrodes in fluidized bed, anodic and cathodic configurations
Degradation of diclofenac aqueous solutions in a 3D electrolytic reactor using carbon-based materials as pseudo third electrodes in fluidized bed, anodic and cathodic configurations
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jece.2022.108075
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发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Jawer Acuña-Bedoya;Christian E. Alvarez-Pugliese;S. F. Castilla-Acevedo;Juan J. Bravo-Suárez;N. Marriaga-Cabrales
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文献类型：
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作者：
Jawer Acuña-Bedoya;Christian E. Alvarez-Pugliese;S. F. Castilla-Acevedo;Juan J. Bravo-Suárez;N. Marriaga-Cabrales
在本研究中，评估了双氯芬酸 (DCF) 在 3D 电化学反应器中的降解情况。研究了几个参数，包括反应器配置：流化床（FB）、阳极填充床（APB）和阴极填充床（CPB）；拟第三电极材料的类型：颗粒活性炭（GAC）和颗粒膨胀石墨（GEG）。总有机碳 (TOC) 去除率最高的配置是 APB，其值高达 85%。此外，当APB中伪第三电极的底物饱和度为20%时，能耗比传统2D反应器低2.5倍。这种有效的转化是阳极表面上电产生的羟基(HO•)和硫酸盐(SO4•-)自由基与吸附在颗粒碳上的DCF之间改善的接触和反应的结果。虽然 3D CPB 反应器的降解效率高于 FB 配置，但其效率不如 3D APB 反应器，因为阴极中会产生 H2O2，分解生成 HO•，但速度缓慢且不足以将 DCF 氧化到显着程度。此外，还发现，当两个 3D APB 反应器串联时，与单个 2D 反应器配置相比，可以实现更显着的 TOC 降低 (98%) 和更低的能耗 (4 倍)。这一结果表明 3D 电化学过程可以更便宜、更快。所有这些结果都凸显了 3D 阳极电氧化工艺作为一种有效处理新出现的顽固污染物的潜在技术。
In this study, the degradation of diclofenac (DCF) in a 3D electrochemical reactor was evaluated. Several parameters were studied including the reactor configuration: fluidized bed (FB), anodic packed bed (APB) and cathodic packed bed (CPB); and the type of pseudo third electrode material: granular activated carbon (GAC) and granular expanded graphite (GEG). The configuration that showed the highest total organic carbon (TOC) removal was the APB, with values up to 85%. In addition, when the substrate saturation of the pseudo third electrode was 20% in the APB, the energy consumption was 2.5 times lower than the conventional 2D reactor. This efficient conversion was the result of improved contacting and reaction between hydroxyl (HO•) and sulfate (SO4•-) radicals electro-generated on the anode surface and DCF adsorbed on the particulate carbon. While the degradation efficiency with the 3D CPB reactor was higher than the FB configuration, it was less effective than the 3D APB reactor because of H2O2production in the cathode, which decomposed to generate HO•, but only slowly and not sufficiently to oxidize DCF to a significant extent. Furthermore, it was also found that when two 3D APB reactors were connected in series a more significant TOC decrease (98%) and lower energy consumption (4 times) could be achieved than in a single 2D reactor configuration. This result demonstrated that the 3D electrochemical process can be cheaper and faster. All these results highlight the 3D anodic electro-oxidation process as a potential technology to efficiently treat recalcitrant contaminants of emerging concern.