Seizing the Contested Terrain of Early Nuclear History: Stimson, Conant, and Their Allies Explain the Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb
Seizing the Contested Terrain of Early Nuclear History: Stimson, Conant, and Their Allies Explain the Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb
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占领早期核历史的争议地带：史汀生、科南特和他们的盟友解释使用原子弹的决定
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7709.1993.tb00158.x
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
0.4
通讯作者：
B. Bernstein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Bernstein
1946-47 年秋末冬初，即日本遭受原子弹爆炸一年多后，国际控制原子能的巴鲁克计划在刚刚成立的联合国中即将失败，两篇有影响力的文章出现在受人尊敬的国家杂志上，为 1945 年对广岛和长崎的袭击辩护。 1946 年 12 月的《大西洋月刊》上，物理学家卡尔·T·康普顿 (Karl T. Compton) 发表了一篇文章。麻省理工学院校长兼战时原子能顾问发表了《如果原子弹没有被使用》。两个月后，即 1947 年 2 月，《哈珀杂志》对这些问题进行了更广泛的讨论，题为《使用原子弹的决定》，作者是战时战争部长亨利·L·史汀生 (Henry L. Stimson)，他曾帮助指导美国使用这两种原子弹。“尽管重点和篇幅有所不同，这两篇文章似乎内容深刻、诚实、公开且总体上具有说服力。它们是受人尊敬的美国人的冒险尝试，旨在审视战时使用原子弹的情况。”炸弹，描述导致这些决定的谨慎和考虑，解释为什么替代方案不起作用并被拒绝，并表明爆炸对于结束太平洋战争和拯救生命是必要的。
In the late autumn and early winter of 1946-47, more than a year after the atomic bombings of Japan, as the Baruch Plan for international control of atomic energy was going down to defeat in the nascent United Nations, two influential articles appeared in respected national magazines justifying the 1945 attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In the December 1946 Atlantic Monthly, physicist Karl T. Compton. MIT’s president and a wartime atomicenergy adviser, published “If the Atomic Bomb Had Not Been Used.” Two months later, in February 1947, a more extended treatment of the issues appeared in Harper’s Magazine as ‘The Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb,” under the authorship of Henry L. Stimson, the wartime secretary of war who had helped to guide America’s use of the two bombs.’Despite differences in emphasis and length, these two articles seemed deeply informed, honest and open, and generally persuasive. They were ventures by respected Americans to examine the wartime use of the bombs, to describe the care and considerations leading to those decisions, to explain why alternatives would not have worked and were rejected, and to show that the bombings had been necessary to end the Pacific war and save lives. Appearing