Biomechanical Characterization of Human Soft Tissues Using Indentation and Tensile Testing.
Biomechanical Characterization of Human Soft Tissues Using Indentation and Tensile Testing.
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DOI：
10.3791/54872
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发表时间：
2016-12-13
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Szarko M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Griffin M;Premakumar Y;Seifalian A;Butler PE;Szarko M
再生医学的目标是设计材料来替代或恢复受损或患病的器官。这些材料的机械性能应该模仿它们想要取代的人体组织；为了提供所需的解剖形状，材料必须能够承受在植入缺陷部位时所经历的机械力。尽管组织工程支架的力学性能非常重要，但许多用工程材料修复的人体组织尚未得到充分的生物力学表征。几种压缩和拉伸方案被报道用于评估材料，但由于差异很大，很难比较研究之间的结果。机械测试通常具有破坏性，这使研究更加复杂。虽然了解组织失效很重要，但了解更多生理负荷条件下的弹性和粘弹性特性也很重要。本报告旨在提供一种最小破坏性的方案来评估人体软组织的压缩和拉伸特性。作为这种技术的例子，皮肤的拉伸测试和软骨的压缩测试被描述。这些协议也可以直接应用于合成材料，以确保机械性能与天然组织相似。评估人体原生组织机械性能的协议将为创建合适的组织工程替代品提供基准。
Regenerative medicine aims to engineer materials to replace or restore damaged or diseased organs. The mechanical properties of such materials should mimic the human tissues they are aiming to replace; to provide the required anatomical shape, the materials must be able to sustain the mechanical forces they will experience when implanted at the defect site. Although the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered scaffolds are of great importance, many human tissues that undergo restoration with engineered materials have not been fully biomechanically characterized. Several compressive and tensile protocols are reported for evaluating materials, but with large variability it is difficult to compare results between studies. Further complicating the studies is the often destructive nature of mechanical testing. Whilst an understanding of tissue failure is important, it is also important to have knowledge of the elastic and viscoelastic properties under more physiological loading conditions. This report aims to provide a minimally destructive protocol to evaluate the compressive and tensile properties of human soft tissues. As examples of this technique, the tensile testing of skin and the compressive testing of cartilage are described. These protocols can also be directly applied to synthetic materials to ensure that the mechanical properties are similar to the native tissue. Protocols to assess the mechanical properties of human native tissue will allow a benchmark by which to create suitable tissue-engineered substitutes.