Prediction mode modulated data-hiding algorithm for H.264/AVC
Prediction mode modulated data-hiding algorithm for H.264/AVC
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DOI：
10.1007/s11554-010-0175-4
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发表时间：
2012-12
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Dawen Xu;Rangding Wang;Jicheng Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dawen Xu;Rangding Wang;Jicheng Wang
本文提出了一种适用于H.264/AVC的大数据负载数据隐藏算法。通过对4 × 4亮度块的预测模式进行调制来嵌入秘密信息。如果最佳模式与信息比特不匹配，则应当通过用替代模式替换最佳模式来调制预测模式。替代模式是与最佳模式具有不同奇偶性的那些模式中具有最小拉格朗日成本的模式。由于混沌的高保密性和易再现性，该方法首先用混沌序列对秘密信息进行加密，然后根据另一混沌序列在每个宏块中随机选择少量用于数据嵌入的亮度块。多级混沌密钥的有效性和4 × 4亮度块数目的保密性增强了安全性。该方法可以直接从编码后的码流中提取隐藏信息，而不需要对原始视频进行解码，只需要对码流中的帧内预测模式进行解码即可。实验结果表明，该隐藏方案可以有效地嵌入信息的比特率增加很少，几乎没有质量下降。
In this paper, a data-hiding algorithm with large data payload for H.264/AVC is proposed. The secret information is embedded by modulating the prediction modes of 4 × 4 luminance blocks. If the best mode does not match the information bit, the prediction mode should be modulated by replacing the best mode with the substitute mode. The substitute mode is the one with the least Lagrangian cost among those having different parity with the best mode. Due to high secrecy and easy reproducibility of chaos, the secret information is first encrypted by a chaotic sequence and then a small number of luminance blocks used for data embedding are randomly selected in each macroblock based on another chaotic sequence. The usefulness of multilevel chaotic keys and privacy of the number of 4 × 4 luminance blocks enhance the security. The hidden information can be extracted directly from the encoded stream without resorting to the original video, and merely requires decoding the intra-prediction mode from bit stream rather than decoding the whole video. Experimental results show that the proposed hiding scheme can effectively embed information with little bit rate increase and almost no quality degradation.