Internal dynamics in condensed matter, as studied by spin relaxation: some examples from 75 years
Internal dynamics in condensed matter, as studied by spin relaxation: some examples from 75 years
复制标题
通过自旋弛豫研究凝聚态物质的内部动力学：75 年来的一些例子
DOI：
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Karlsson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Karlsson
今年的2021年是核磁共振方法(核磁共振)75周年，该方法对物理、化学和生物学的几个分支具有极其重要的意义。共振的分裂和位置的变化似乎是有机化学和生物学取之不尽的信息来源。它最初是为了研究核自旋及其相关的磁性而引入的，当观察到在波动的局部磁场的作用下共振线被加宽时，它第一次被认为是准确确定核性质的限制。然而，人们很快意识到，展宽包含了关于原子核周围原子、分子或合作自旋系统动力学的重要信息，自旋微扰成为一种成熟的工具，用于研究液体和固体中的内部动力学，时间范围从几秒到飞秒。本文试图回顾后一条发展路线，并挑选出过去75年来发表的一系列不同物理系统中的内部动力学例子。例如，固体中粒子的运动、磁共振成像(MRI)、相变周围的关键现象、生物分子的功能以及最近在自旋电子学和量子计算方面的应用。其他基于自旋的光谱紧随核磁共振的轨迹，使用电子自旋(在电子自旋共振ESR中也称为电子顺磁共振EPR和铁磁共振，FMR)、激发核态(通过观察伽马射线角关联的微扰，PAC)和后来的Muon自旋(Muon自旋弛豫，MuSR)，从中选择其他例子。
The present year 2021 celebrates the 75th anniversary of the nuclear magnetic resonance method (NMR), which has had an immense importance for several branches of physics, chemistry and biology. The splitting of resonances and the shifts in their positions are seemingly inexhaustible sources of information for organic chemistry and biology. It was first introduced for the study of nuclear spins and their associated magnetic properties and when it was observed that resonance lines were broadened by the action of fluctuating local magnetic fields it was first seen as a limitation for the exact determination of nuclear properties. However, it was soon realized that the broadening contained important information on the dynamics of atoms, molecules or cooperative spin systems surrounding the nuclei and spin perturbations became a well-developed tool for investigation of internal dynamics in liquids and solids, over time-ranges from seconds down to femtoseconds. The present article is an attempt to review this latter line of development and to pick out a series of examples of internal dynamics in different physical systems published over the past 75 years. Examples include motions of particles in solids, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), critical phenomena around phase transitions, functioning of biomolecules and recent applications to spintronics and quantum computing. Other spin-based spectroscopies followed in the tracks of NMR with use of electron spins (in electron spin resonance ESR also called electron paramagnetic resonance EPR, and ferromagnetic resonance, FMR), excited nuclear states (by observation of perturbations in angular correlation of gamma-rays, PAC) and later also muon spins (muon spin relaxation, MuSR), from which other examples are selected.
用不成对电子观察的世界。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jmr.2012.07.025
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
影响因子：
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作者：
Eaton,SandraS;Eaton,GarethR
通讯作者：
Eaton,GarethR