Knowing is not enough: a qualitative report on HIV testing among heterosexual African-American men.
Knowing is not enough: a qualitative report on HIV testing among heterosexual African-American men.
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DOI：
10.1080/09540121.2014.963009
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Straight Talk Study Team
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bond KT;Frye V;Taylor R;Williams K;Bonner S;Lucy D;Cupid M;Weiss L;Koblin BA;Straight Talk Study Team
尽管非洲裔美国人的艾滋病毒检测率高于所有其他种族群体，但他们仍然不成比例地受到美国艾滋病毒流行病的影响。了解一个人的状态是保持行为变化的关键步骤，可以阻止病毒的传播，但人们对与异性恋非洲裔美国人之间的艾滋病毒检测和交流相关的个人和社会结构层面的障碍知之甚少。为了解决这一问题，并告知异性恋非洲裔美国男性的艾滋病预防行为干预的发展，我们进行了计算机化，结构化访谈61名男子，焦点小组访谈25名男子在5个不同的群体，并深入定性访谈30名男子生活在艾滋病毒高流行率社区在纽约市。结果显示，参与者中经常进行艾滋病毒检测。即使有很高的检测率，研究中的男性对艾滋病毒的知识水平很低;认为感染艾滋病毒的风险很小;并滥用艾滋病毒检测作为预防方法。影响艾滋病毒检测的因素包括耻辱感、关系动态和沟通以及社会影响，这表明恐惧、对风险的低认识和艾滋病毒耻辱感可能是艾滋病毒检测的最大障碍。这些结果还表明，针对非洲裔美国异性恋男性的干预措施必须解决使用“检测作为预防”以及正确的窗口期和艾滋病毒检测结果的含义的误解，干预措施应侧重于传播艾滋病毒。
Despite having higher rates of HIV testing than all other racial groups, African-Americans continue to be disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic in the United States. Knowing one’s status is the key step to maintaining behavioral changes that could stop the spread of the virus, yet little is known about the individual- and socio-structural-level barriers associated with HIV testing and communication among heterosexual African-American men. To address this and inform the development of an HIV prevention behavioral intervention for heterosexual African-American men, we conducted computerized, structured interviews with 61 men, focus group interviews with 25 men in 5 different groups, and in-depth qualitative interviews with 30 men living in high HIV prevalence neighborhoods in New York City. Results revealed that HIV testing was frequent among the participants. Even with high rates of testing, the men in the study had low levels of HIV knowledge; perceived little risk of HIV; and misused HIV testing as a prevention method. Factors affecting HIV testing, included stigma, relationship dynamics and communication, and societal influences, suggesting that fear, low perception of risk, and HIV stigma may be the biggest barriers to HIV testing. These results also suggest that interventions directed toward African-American heterosexual men must address the use of “testing as prevention” as well as correct misunderstandings of the window period and the meaning of HIV test results, and interventions should focus on communicating about HIV.