Atypical Perception of Sounds in Minimally and Low Verbal Children and Adolescents With Autism as Revealed by Behavioral and Neural Measures.
Atypical Perception of Sounds in Minimally and Low Verbal Children and Adolescents With Autism as Revealed by Behavioral and Neural Measures.
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行为和神经测量揭示了语言能力低下的自闭症儿童和青少年对声音的非典型感知。
DOI：
10.1002/aur.2363
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tager-Flusberg,Helen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Schwartz,Sophie;Wang,Le;Shinn-Cunningham,BarbaraG;Tager-Flusberg,Helen
自闭症（ASD）患者对声音的非典型行为反应表明他们对声音的处理方式不同。在ASD中，最小或低言语（ASD-MLV）的个体被怀疑有更大的听觉处理障碍。然而，目前尚不清楚非典型听觉行为是否与ASD-MLV的接受性语言和/或声音的神经处理有关。在实验1中，我们比较了47名ASD-MLV和36名5-21岁的言语流利（ASD-V）参与者在自闭症诊断观察计划（ADOS）管理期间表现出非典型听觉或视觉感觉行为的时间百分比。在实验2中，我们测试了非典型听觉行为是否在接受性语言缺陷的ASD‐MLV参与者中更常见。在实验3中，我们测试了非典型的听觉行为是否与神经指标的敏感性感知声音的差异，测量的神经反应的振幅非言语强度偏差。我们发现，ASD-MLV参与者比ASD-V参与者更经常从事非典型听觉行为;相反，非典型视觉行为的发生率在两组之间没有差异。ASD-MLV组中较低的接受性语言技能预测为非典型听觉行为的发生率较高。探索性分析显示，非典型听觉行为的数量和神经反应的偏差幅度之间存在显着的负相关。未来的工作需要阐明ASD-MLV个体的非典型听觉行为和接受性语言障碍之间的关系是否是由于听觉处理中涉及的大脑机制的破坏造成的。耳朵覆盖和嗡嗡声）比言语流利的ASD参与者。在ASD-MLV参与者中，表现出这些行为的时间与接受性词汇缺陷和对声音响度变化的神经反应较弱有关。研究结果表明，患有严重表达性和接受性语言障碍的ASD患者处理声音的方式不同。Autism Res 2020，13：1718-1729。© 2020国际自闭症研究学会和Wiley Periodicals LLC
The common display of atypical behavioral responses to sounds by individuals with autism (ASD) suggests that they process sounds differently. Within ASD, individuals who are minimally or low verbal (ASD‐MLV) are suspected to have greater auditory processing impairments. However, it is unknown whether atypical auditory behaviors are related to receptive language and/or neural processing of sounds in ASD‐MLV. In Experiment 1, we compared the percentage of time 47 ASD‐MLV and 36 verbally fluent (ASD‐V) participants, aged 5–21, displayed atypical auditory or visual sensory behaviors during the administration of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). In Experiment 2, we tested whether atypical auditory behaviors were more frequent in ASD‐MLV participants with receptive language deficits. In Experiment 3, we tested whether atypical auditory behaviors correlated with neural indices of sensitivity to perceptual sound differences as measured by the amplitude of neural responses to nonspeech intensity deviants. We found that ASD‐MLV participants engaged in atypical auditory behaviors more often than ASD‐V participants; in contrast, the incidence of atypical visual behaviors did not differ between the groups. Lower receptive language skills in the ASD‐MLV group were predicted by greater incidence of atypical auditory behaviors. Exploratory analyses revealed a significant negative correlation between the amount of atypical auditory behaviors and the amplitude of neural response to deviants. Future work is needed to elucidate whether the relationship between atypical auditory behaviors and receptive language impairments in ASD‐MLV individuals results from disruptions in the brain mechanisms involved in auditory processing.Lay SummaryMinimally and low verbal children and adolescents with autism (ASD‐MLV) displayed more atypical auditory behaviors (e.g., ear covering and humming) than verbally fluent participants with ASD. In ASD‐MLV participants, time spent exhibiting such behaviors was associated with receptive vocabulary deficits and weaker neural responses to changes in sound loudness. Findings suggest that individuals with ASD with both severe expressive and receptive language impairments process sounds differently.Autism Res2020, 13: 1718–1729. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC