When peer-reviewed publications are not enough! Delivering science for natural resource management
When peer-reviewed publications are not enough! Delivering science for natural resource management
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DOI：
10.1016/j.forpol.2012.03.007
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Bartuska, Ann M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McKinley, Duncan C.;Briggs, Russell D.;Bartuska, Ann M.
在上个世纪，林地自然资源管理已从单一的资源开采转向许多焦点，例如娱乐、旅游、保护、景观、文化和精神价值、可持续性和其他价值。因此，土地管理者的信息需求现在必须包括社会和文化价值观。此外，公众对更多地参与土地管理决策和产生科学知识的兴趣也空前强烈。主要通过传统方式表达的科学知识的产生——例如主要针对政府和工业界的针对学术和技术转让（例如专利、许可、协议）的同行评审出版物——并不总是满足资源管理者和公众的需求。近几十年来，通过更好地将新知识和知识生成与公共需求联系起来来帮助弥合这一差距的方法迅速发展。美国林务局正在将科学交付作为科学创造的重要目标，包括研究人员、资源管理者和公众之间界面的结构性制度变革，专门为交付分配适当部分的项目资金。林务局正在考虑增加对公民科学和参与性研究的使用，将资源管理者、决策者和公众在不同程度上纳入研究过程，作为该机构科学交付工作的一部分。在这里，我们从联邦土地管理机构的角度探讨公民科学和参与性研究作为增强现有科学交付工作的可能手段。我们发现这些机制以根本不同的方式促进公众参与。根据研究类型和研究成果的预期用途，公民科学或参与性研究都可以增强科学在某些自然资源管理讨论中的使用，从而可能产生可支持的解决方案。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版
Over the last century, natural resource management on forest lands has shifted from a singular focus on resource extraction to many foci, such as recreation, tourism, conservation, view-scapes, cultural and spiritual values, sustainability, and other values. As a result, the information needs of land managers must now include social and cultural values. In addition, the public's interest in having greater participation in land management decisions and in generating scientific knowledge has never been greater. The generation of scientific knowledge which is expressed primarily through conventional means - such as peer-reviewed publications targeting academics and technology transfer (e.g., patents, licenses, agreements) primarily for government and industry - does not always satisfy the needs of resource managers and public. In recent decades, there has been rapid growth of methods to help bridge this gap by better connecting new knowledge and knowledge generation with public needs. The U.S. Forest Service is making science delivery as important goal as science creation, including structural institutional changes at the interface among researchers, resource managers, and the public, allocating an appropriate portion of project funding specifically for delivery. The Forest Service is considering increasing its use of citizen science and participatory research - which brings resource managers, decision makers, and the public into the research process to varying extents - as part of the agency's science delivery efforts. Here we explore citizen science and participatory research as possible vehicles to augment existing science delivery efforts from the perspective of a federal land management agency. We found that these mechanisms facilitate public involvement in fundamentally different ways. Depending on the type of research and desired use of research outcomes, either citizen science or participatory research could enhance the use of science in some natural resource management discussions, possibly leading to supportable solutions. Published by Elsevier B.V.