Kidney Stone Prevention: Dynamic Testing of Edible Calcium Oxalate Scale Inhibitors
Kidney Stone Prevention: Dynamic Testing of Edible Calcium Oxalate Scale Inhibitors
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.cgd.8601173
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Lima-Eriksen, Rikke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelland, Malcolm A.;Mady, Mohamed F.;Lima-Eriksen, Rikke
本文介绍了用静态方法研究的许多已知多质体添加剂以及我们提出的一些新添加剂对草酸钙(CaOx)晶体生长抑制的动态测试结果。动态测试包括流体混合和通过堵管设备的流动，同时测量由于CaOx结垢而产生的压降。研究了仅含钙和草酸盐离子的简单溶液，以及含有尿液中典型离子的更复杂的溶液。在动态堵管试验台上使用这些最佳浓度，发现在只含钙和草酸盐离子的简化体系和合成尿液中，所测试的添加剂的排序和抑制效果非常相似。只有几个酸基的聚质酸，如柠檬酸、羟基柠檬酸和植酸，被发现作为CaOx抑制剂的效果不如较大的多羧酸，如聚天冬氨酸、羧甲基亚麻酸和聚谷氨酸。羟基柠檬酸钾被认为是治疗CaOx肾结石患者的一种更好的化学治疗方法，其性能比柠檬酸或柠檬酸镁略有改善。
We present results on dynamic testing for calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal growth inhibition of many of the known polyprotic additives previously investigated by static methods, as well as a few new additives that we have proposed. The dynamic tests include fluid mixing and flow through tube blocking equipment while measuring the pressure drop due to buildup of CaOx scale. Simple solutions supersaturated with only calcium and oxalate ions, as well as more complex solutions containing the typical ions found in urine, were investigated. Using these optimum concentrations in the dynamic tube blocking rig, it was found that the ranking and inhibition efficacy of the tested additives was very similar in both the simplified system, containing only calcium and oxalate ions, and the synthetic urine. Polyprotic acids with only a few acid groups, such as citric acid, hydroxycitric acid, and phytic acid, were found to be less effective as CaOx inhibitors compared to larger polycarboxylic acids such as polyaspartic acid, carboxymethylinulin, and polyglutamic acid. Potassium hydroxycitrate, which has been proposed as a better chemical treatment for CaOx kidney stone patients, showed a small improvement in performance over citric acid or magnesium citrate.