Designing river flows to improve food security futures in the Lower Mekong Basin
Designing river flows to improve food security futures in the Lower Mekong Basin
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aao1053
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发表时间：
2017-12-08
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Nam, So
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sabo, J. L.;Ruhi, A.;Nam, So
河流通过水力发电为清洁能源提供了无与伦比的机会，但人们对大坝建设对这些河流提供的粮食安全的潜在影响知之甚少。在热带河流中，降雨驱动着周期性的洪水脉冲，为鱼类生产提供燃料，并为全球1.5亿多人提供营养。水力发电将调节这种洪水脉冲，从而威胁到粮食安全。我们确定了湄公河洪水脉冲的方差分量，预测产量在世界上最大的淡水渔业之一。我们使用这些方差分量来设计一个算法的管理过程线，以探索未来的产量。该算法模拟了驱动渔业产量的流量方差的属性：长时间的低流量，然后是短的洪水脉冲。设计流量增加了3.7倍，相对于历史水文产量。管理排放差异的所需组成部分将导致湄公河下游流域粮食系统的更高效率。
Rivers provide unrivaled opportunity for clean energy via hydropower, but little is known about the potential impact of dam-building on the food security these rivers provide. In tropical rivers, rainfall drives a periodic flood pulse fueling fish production and delivering nutrition to more than 150 million people worldwide. Hydropower will modulate this flood pulse, thereby threatening food security. We identified variance components of the Mekong River flood pulse that predict yield in one of the largest freshwater fisheries in the world. We used these variance components to design an algorithm for a managed hydrograph to explore future yields. This algorithm mimics attributes of discharge variance that drive fishery yield: prolonged low flows followed by a short flood pulse. Designed flows increased yield by a factor of 3.7 relative to historical hydrology. Managing desired components of discharge variance will lead to greater efficiency in the Lower Mekong Basin food system.