Prevalence of Childhood Exposure to Violence, Crime, and Abuse Results From the National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence
Prevalence of Childhood Exposure to Violence, Crime, and Abuse Results From the National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence
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DOI：
10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.0676
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
26.1
通讯作者：
Hamby, Sherry L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finkelhor, David;Turner, Heather A.;Hamby, Sherry L.
重要性评估儿童生活中暴力、犯罪和虐待的负担和趋势非常重要。目的为卫生保健专业人员、政策制定者和父母提供儿童期和不同发育阶段的暴力、犯罪和虐待暴露的当前估计。和参与者全国儿童暴力暴露调查（NatSCEV）包括2013年8月28日至2014年4月30日期间美国电话号码的代表性样本。通过电话访谈，获得了4000名0至17岁儿童的信息，由10至17岁的青少年和0至9岁儿童的照顾者提供有关暴力、犯罪和虐待的信息。主要结局和测量使用青少年受害问卷的暴力、犯罪和虐待暴露。37.3%的青少年在研究年中经历过身体攻击，9.3%的青少年经历过与攻击有关的伤害。2%的女孩在研究年度经历过性侵犯或性虐待，而14至17岁的女孩的比例为4.6%。总体而言，15.2%的儿童和青少年经历过照顾者的虐待，其中5.0%经历过身体虐待。总共有5.8%的人目睹了父母之间的殴打。与2011年的上次调查相比，只发现了2个显着的比率变化，即过去一年遭受约会暴力的风险下降和一生遭受家庭盗窃的风险下降。结论和相关性儿童和青少年以多种广泛的方式遭受暴力、虐待和犯罪，这证明持续的监测和预防工作是合理的。
IMPORTANCE It is important to estimate the burden of and trends for violence, crime, and abuse in the lives of children.OBJECTIVE To provide health care professionals, policy makers, and parents with current estimates of exposure to violence, crime, and abuse across childhood and at different developmental stages.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence (NatSCEV) includes a representative sample of US telephone numbers from August 28, 2013, to April 30, 2014. Via telephone interviews, information was obtained on 4000 children 0 to 17 years old, with information about exposure to violence, crime, and abuse provided by youth 10 to 17 years old and by caregivers for children 0 to 9 years old.MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURE Exposure to violence, crime, and abuse using the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire.RESULTS In total, 37.3% of youth experienced a physical assault in the study year, and 9.3% of youth experienced an assault-related injury. Two percent of girls experienced sexual assault or sexual abuse in the study year, while the rate was 4.6% for girls 14 to 17 years old. Overall, 15.2% of children and youth experienced maltreatment by a caregiver, including 5.0% who experienced physical abuse. In total, 5.8% witnessed an assault between parents. Only 2 significant rate changes could be detected compared with the last survey in 2011, namely, declines in past-year exposure to dating violence and lifetime exposure to household theft.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Children and youth are exposed to violence, abuse, and crime in varied and extensive ways, which justifies continued monitoring and prevention efforts.