Modelling the broadest spectral band of the Crab nebula and constraining the ion acceleration efficiency

Modelling the broadest spectral band of the Crab nebula and constraining the ion acceleration efficiency
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模拟蟹状星云最宽的光谱带并限制离子加速效率

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/staa2151
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发表时间:
2020-08
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Chen Ding
Chen Ding
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang Xiao;Chen Yang;Huang Jing;Chen Ding

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虽然人们普遍认为脉冲星风星云(PWNe)的电磁频谱从射电到甚高能量的γ射线都来自于轻子,但脉冲星风中是否存在质子(或更一般的离子)并在PWN中被进一步加速仍是一个悬而未决的问题。宽带光谱的原型PWN螃蟹,最近延长西藏AS$\gamma$和HAWC实验检测100 TeV以上,可能有助于约束离子的加速效率。在这里,我们模拟最宽的能量谱的螃蟹,发现宽带光谱可以解释的一区轻子模型,其中的电子/正电子产生的辐射从无线电软$\gamma$-射线通过同步过程,同时产生的GeV-TeV的$\gamma$-射线通过逆康普顿散射,包括同步自康普顿过程。在这个轻子模型的框架中,转换成高能质子的能量的分数被限制在0.5\(n_{\rm t}/10\ {\rm cm}^{-3})^{-1}$ %以下,其中$n_{\rm t}$是蟹状星云中的目标气体密度。然而,如果只使用$\gamma$-射线,这个分数可以高达$7\(n_{\rm t}/10\ {\rm cm}^{-3})^{-1}$ %。
Although it is widely accepted that the electromagnetic spectrum from radio to very-high-energy $\gamma$-rays of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) originates from leptons, there is still an open question that protons (or more generally, ions) may exist in pulsar wind and are further accelerated in PWN. The broadband spectrum of the prototype PWN Crab, extended recently by the detection of the Tibet AS$\gamma$ and HAWC experiments above 100 TeV, may be helpful in constraining the acceleration efficiency of ions. Here, we model the broadest energy spectrum of Crab and find that the broadband spectrum can be explained by the one-zone leptonic model in which the electrons/positrons produce the emission from radio to soft $\gamma$-rays via the synchrotron process, and simultaneously generate the GeV-TeV $\gamma$-rays through inverse Compton scattering including the synchrotron self-Compton process. In the framework of this leptonic model, the fraction of energy converted into the energetic protons is constrained to be below $0.5\ (n_{\rm t}/10\ {\rm cm}^{-3})^{-1}$ per cent, where $n_{\rm t}$ is the target gas density in the Crab. However, this fraction can be up to $7\ (n_{\rm t}/10\ {\rm cm}^{-3})^{-1}$ per cent if only the $\gamma$-rays are used.
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