Priming as a mechanism in induced systemic resistance of plants
Priming as a mechanism in induced systemic resistance of plants
复制标题
DOI：
10.1023/a:1008768516313
复制
发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Kohler, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conrath, U;Thulke, O;Kohler, A
诱导系统抗性是一种植物防御状态，与通过更强地激活细胞防御反应来抵抗病原体攻击的增强能力（所谓的引发）相关。然而，到目前为止，在研究诱导植物抗病性时，引发尚未得到广泛重视。在过去的几年中，已经证明，用系统抗性诱导剂水杨酸或苯并噻二唑对培养的欧芹细胞进行预处理，会导致一组防御相关基因的直接激活，并为细胞更强地激发另一组防御基因（包括编码苯丙氨酸解氨酶的基因）做好准备。从这些结果可以得出结论，抗性诱导剂在植物防御基因激活中至少具有双重作用。当阐明引发是否在拟南芥诱导的系统抗性中发挥作用时，发现用苯并噻二唑预处理植物可以增强随后由假单胞菌感染、创伤和渗透胁迫引起的苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因的激活，并且还可以增强创伤/渗透胁迫诱导的胼胝质的产生。在诱导抗性受到损害的发病机制相关基因1突变体的拟南芥非表达子中没有观察到苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因激活或/和胼胝质沉积的增强，而在没有苯并噻二唑预处理的情况下，在诱导抗性是组成型的pr基因1和5突变体的组成型表达子中存在苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因激活或/和胼胝质沉积。这些研究共同指出，启动是诱导植物系统抗性的重要细胞机制，这需要发病机制相关基因的完整非表达基因。
Induced systemic resistance is a plant defence state that is associated with an enhanced ability - the so-called priming - to resist pathogen attack by stronger activation of cellular defence responses. So far, however, priming has not been widely appreciated when studying induced plant disease resistance. During the past several years, it has been demonstrated that pre-treatment of cultured parsley cells with inducers of systemic resistance, salicylic acid or a benzothiadiazole, leads to the direct activation of a set of defence-related genes and also primes the cells for stronger elicitation of another set of defence genes including those encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. From these results, it was concluded that the resistance inducers have at least a dual role in plant defence-gene activation. When elucidating whether priming plays a role in induced systemic resistance of Arabidopsis, pre-treating plants with benzothiadiazole was found to augment the subsequent activation of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes by Pseudomonas infection, wounding and osmotic stress and also to enhance wound/osmotic stress-induced callose production. The augmentation of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene activation or/and callose deposition was not seen in the Arabidopsis non-expresser of pathogenesis-related genes1 mutant which is compromised in induced resistance, while it was present, without benzothiadiazole pre-treatment, in the constitutive expresser of pr genes1 and 5 mutants in which induced resistance is constitutive. Together these studies point to priming as an important cellular mechanism in induced systemic resistance of plants which requires the intact non-expresser of pathogenesis-related genes1 gene.