Role of Parent and Peer Relationships and Individual Characteristics in Middle School Children's Behavioral Outcomes in the Face of Community Violence.
Role of Parent and Peer Relationships and Individual Characteristics in Middle School Children's Behavioral Outcomes in the Face of Community Violence.
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父母和同伴关系以及个人特征在中学生面对社区暴力的行为结果中的作用。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00677.x
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ng-Mak,DaisyS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Salzinger,Suzanne;Rosario,Margaret;Feldman,RichardS;Ng-Mak,DaisyS
本研究探讨了将城市内社区暴力暴露与随后的内化和外化问题联系起来的过程。研究人员对来自 3 个生态领域（儿童的父母和同伴关系以及个人特征）的假设风险和保护因素在预测 667 名中学 3 岁以上儿童的问题行为中的中介、调节或独立作用进行了检验。未找到调解。然而，父母和同伴的变量调节了暴露与内化问题之间的关联。在高暴露条件下，通常的保护性因素（例如，对父母的依恋）在减轻暴露影响方面不如低暴露条件下有效；对朋友的依恋更加有效。个人能力与内化问题的减少独立相关。所有领域的变量和暴露程度都与外部化问题独立相关。保护性因素（例如，父母依恋）预示问题会减少；风险因素（例如朋友犯罪）预示着问题会增加。结果表明，减少社区暴力对于避免内城区青少年不良行为结果至关重要。
This study examines processes linking inner‐city community violence exposure to subsequent internalizing and externalizing problems. Hypothesized risk and protective factors from 3 ecological domains—children's parent and peer relationships and individual characteristics—were examined for mediating, moderating, or independent roles in predicting problem behavior among 667 children over 3 years of middle school. Mediation was not found. However, parent and peer variables moderated the association between exposure and internalizing problems. Under high exposure, normally protective factors (e.g., attachment to parents) were less effective in mitigating exposure's effects than under low exposure; attachment to friends was more effective. Individual competence was independently associated with decreased internalizing problems. Variables from all domains, and exposure, were independently associated with externalizing problems. Protective factors (e.g., parent attachment) predicted decreased problems; risk factors (e.g., friends' delinquency) predicted increased problems. Results indicate community violence reduction as essential in averting inner‐city adolescents' poor behavioral outcomes.