Association between antibiotic resistance and community prescribing: A critical review of bias and confounding in published studies
Association between antibiotic resistance and community prescribing: A critical review of bias and confounding in published studies
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DOI：
10.1086/321848
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发表时间：
2001-09-15
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Davey, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steinke, D;Davey, P
报告的抗生素处方和耐药性之间的关联可能会受到偏倚或混淆。偏差描述了在调查或推断的任何阶段，倾向于产生系统地偏离真实价值的结果的任何影响。混杂变量是与暴露和结果独立相关的变量。混杂变量可能会产生明显的关联或掩盖真实的关联。药物流行病学是研究药物在大量人群中的使用和影响的学科。我们使用标准的药物流行病学方法来调查处方和耐药之间相关性的偏倚和混杂来源。我们的结论是，该协会是统计有效的，证据的一致性支持因果关系。尽管如此，在未来分析处方政策对耐药性影响的研究中必须考虑几个重要的偏见和混淆来源。
The reported association between antibiotic prescribing and resistance may be subject to bias or confounding. Bias describes any effect at any stage of investigation or inference tending to produce results that depart systematically from the true value. A confounding variable is one that is associated independently with both exposure and outcome. Confounding variables may create an apparent association or mask a real association. Pharmacoepidemiology is the study of the use and the effects of drugs in large numbers of people. We have used standard pharmacoepidemiological methods to investigate sources of bias and confounding in the association between prescribing and resistance. We conclude that the association is statistically valid and that the consistency of evidence supports a cause-effect relationship. Nonetheless, several important sources of bias and confounding must be taken into account in future studies that analyze the impact of prescribing policies on resistance.