Sources of Extragalactic Cosmic Rays: Photons and Neutrinos as Probes
Sources of Extragalactic Cosmic Rays: Photons and Neutrinos as Probes
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河外宇宙线的来源：光子和中微子作为探测器
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-009-7166-0_15
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发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Shapiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Silberberg;M. Shapiro
Seyfert星系的活动星系核被发现可能是室女座超星系团中宇宙射线的主要来源。我们从高能光子光谱的光度计算了河外宇宙射线通量；在~ 109eV时为星系通量的10-4±1。此外，在地球上观测到的能量最高的宇宙射线，即1019eV以上的宇宙射线，很可能来自那里。这些粒子被认为是河外粒子，因为在1019ev的能谱中有不连续，因为它们的各向异性，有优先到达银河系极点附近的方向，因为星系磁场不能包含具有银河系尺度的陀螺半径的粒子。这个计算的河外通量得到了两个内部一致性参数的支持：在109和1019eV之间插值的光谱与在1019eV以上测量的可能河外光谱具有相同的指数（差分光谱为- 2.4±0.1）。它也类似于修正了星系中与刚性相关的泄漏后的星系宇宙射线光谱的斜率。通过测量Seyfert星系1012eV的中微子通量（对应于~ 1013ev的质子），可以验证这个计算出的光谱。
The active galactic nuclei of the Seyfert galaxies are found to be the plausible principal sources of cosmic rays in the Virgo supercluster. We have calculated the extragalactic cosmic-ray flux from the luminosity of the high-energy photon spectrum; it is 10-4 ±1of the galactic flux at ~ 109eV. Also the highest energy cosmic rays observed on earth, those above 1019eV, are likely to originate there. These particles are considered to be extragalactic, because of the discontinuity in the energy spectrum at1019eV, because of their anisotropy, with preferential arrival direction near the galactic pole, and because of the inability of the galactic magnetic field to contain particles with gyroradii of galactic dimensions. This calculated extragalactic flux is supported by two internal consistency arguments: The spectrum interpolated between 109and 1019eV has the same exponent (- 2.4 ± 0.1 for the differential spectrum) as the measured probable extragalactic spectrum above 1019eV. It also is similar to the slope of the galactic cosmic-ray spectrum corrected for rigidity-dependent leakage from the galaxy. A test of this calculated spectrum would be provided by a measurement of the neutrino fluxes from Seyfert galaxies at 1012eV, corresponding to protons at ~ 1O13eV.