For the sake of resilience and multifunctionality, let's diversify planted forests!
For the sake of resilience and multifunctionality, let's diversify planted forests!
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DOI：
10.1111/conl.12829
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发表时间：
2021-07-16
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Zemp, Delphine Clara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Messier, Christian;Bauhus, Juergen;Zemp, Delphine Clara
截至2020年，全球人工林面积估计为2.9亿公顷，而且这一数字还在不断增加。其中，1.31亿公顷是集约经营的单一树种人工林。虽然单一树种人工林在提供木材方面很重要，但它们的生物多样性较少，可能比天然或多样化的人工林更容易受到干扰。在这里，我们指出，越来越多的科学证据表明，与单一种类的人工林相比，功能和物种多样化的人工林(以下简称多样性人工林)具有更强的复原力和生态系统服务提供。此外，我们提出了促进采用多样化人工林的五个具体步骤：(1)提高土地所有者、管理者和投资者对多样化人工林的益处和实际选择的认识；(2)在公共资金植树造林和使目前适应不良的低多样性人工林多样化的计划中鼓励树种多样性；(3)开发新的木材产品，可以从许多尚未使用的不同树种中获得；(4)投资于研究，以评估各种人工林在功能上的连通性和对全球变化威胁的复原力；以及(5)改进关于不同人工林的证据基础，特别是在目前代表性不足的地区，在那里可以测试新的选择。
As of 2020, the world has an estimated 290 million ha of planted forests and this number is continuously increasing. Of these, 131 million ha are monospecific planted forests under intensive management. Although monospecific planted forests are important in providing timber, they harbor less biodiversity and are potentially more susceptible to disturbances than natural or diverse planted forests. Here, we point out the increasing scientific evidence for increased resilience and ecosystem service provision of functionally and species diverse planted forests (hereafter referred to as diverse planted forests) compared to monospecific ones. Furthermore, we propose five concrete steps to foster the adoption of diverse planted forests: (1) improve awareness of benefits and practical options of diverse planted forests among land-owners, managers, and investors; (2) incentivize tree species diversity in public funding of afforestation and programs to diversify current maladapted planted forests of low diversity; (3) develop new wood-based products that can be derived from many different tree species not yet in use; (4) invest in research to assess landscape benefits of diverse planted forests for functional connectivity and resilience to global-change threats; and (5) improve the evidence base on diverse planted forests, in particular in currently under-represented regions, where new options could be tested.