Radiative-convective disequilibrium
Radiative-convective disequilibrium
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DOI：
10.1016/0169-8095(94)90006-x
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发表时间：
1994-04
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
D. Randall;Q. Hu;Kuan Xu;S. Krueger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Randall;Q. Hu;Kuan Xu;S. Krueger
辐射-对流系统不可避免地寻求统计平衡，但没有理由相信这种平衡一定是稳定的。自然界中对流在许多时间尺度上的明显时间变率，显然至少部分地与瞬态大尺度动力过程（如东风波）和瞬态辐射过程（如日循环和季节循环）的强迫有关。然而，仍有可能在某些条件下，辐射和对流可以非线性地相互作用，在“大尺度”上产生自发的时间波动。最近对参数化和模型解析二维对流的数值模拟表明，这种情况确实会发生。短（日）和长（周）时间尺度上的辐射对流振荡都有报道。人们设计了高度理想化的模型来解释这些结果。工作正在进行中，以确定这种“自由”辐射对流振荡在多大程度上与我们在自然界中看到的瞬态对流活动有关。
Radiative-convective systems inevitably seek a statistical equilibrium, but there is no reason to believe that this equilibrium must be steady. The obvious temporal variability of convection in nature, on many time scales, is clearly linked, at least in part, to forcing by transient large-scale dynamical processes (e.g. easterly waves) and transient radiative processes (e.g., the diurnal and seasonal cycles). The possibility remains, however, that under some conditions radiation and convection can interact nonlinearly to produce spontaneous temporal fluctuations on “large scales”. Recent numerical simulations with both parameterized and model-resolved two-dimensional convection provides evidence that this can, indeed, happen. Radiative-convective oscillations on both short (days) and long (weeks) time scales have been reported. Highly idealized models have been devised to interpret the results. Work is under way to determine to what extent such “free” radiative-convective oscillations are relevant to the transient convective activity that we see in nature.