COGNITIVE SPECIFICITY IN EMOTIONAL DISTRESS
COGNITIVE SPECIFICITY IN EMOTIONAL DISTRESS
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.53.4.734
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发表时间：
1987-10-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
RONAN, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
INGRAM, RE;KENDALL, PC;RONAN, K
情绪困扰的认知方法假定特定的认知因素与病因、病程或功能障碍的治疗密切相关。尽管许多实证研究已经评估了抑郁和焦虑等情绪障碍的认知因素，但研究尚未同时评估这些变量，并采用相同的认知测量方法。使用抑郁和考试焦虑作为功能失调情感状态的模型，我们检查了信息处理、归因、自动思维和认知干扰的认知特异性。结果表明，抑郁症和焦虑症的特异性模式显示出一些差异和相似之处。具体来说，“纯粹”抑郁的个体表现出选择性地处理抑郁信息，做出功能失调的归因，以及参与更多消极的自动思考的证据。另一方面，“纯粹”焦虑的个体表现出选择性焦虑信息处理和认知干扰增加的证据。结果讨论了分类抑郁和焦虑认知的分类法。
Cognitive approaches to emotional distress posit that specific cognitive factors are critically linked to the etiology, course, or treatment of dysfunction. Although a number of empirical studies have assessed cognitive factors in emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety, research has yet to assess these variables simultaneously and with identical cognitive measures. Using depression and test anxiety as models of dysfunctional affective states, we examined cognitive specificity on measures of information processing, attributions, automatic thinking, and cognitive interference. Results indicated a pattern of specificity showing several differences and similarities in depression and anxiety. Specifically,“purely” depressed individuals showed evidence of selectively processing depressive information, making dysfunctional attributions, and engaging in more negative automatic thinking.“Purely” anxious individuals, on the other hand, showed evidence of selective anxious information processing and increased cognitive interference. Results are discussed in terms of a taxonomy for classifying depressive and anxious cognition.