Regional diversity in subsistence among early farmers in Southeast Europe revealed by archaeological organic residues
Regional diversity in subsistence among early farmers in Southeast Europe revealed by archaeological organic residues
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2018.2347
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发表时间：
2019-01-16
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Ivanova, Maria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cramp, Lucy J. E.;Ethier, Jonathan;Ivanova, Maria
早期农业从西南亚起源到欧洲的传播是一个文化变革的过程，持续了数千年。在区域内，过渡的速度可能与遇到的特定气候和环境条件有关，也与当地狩猎采集者和农民相互作用的性质有关。在巴尔干半岛内部建立农业，代表了西南亚的牲畜第一次走出自然气候范围，现在有广泛的证据表明，早期的陶器被广泛用于乳制品。然而，在巴尔干半岛北部多瑙河铁门地区发现的陶器脂质残留物表明，在这里，新石器时代的陶器主要用于加工水生资源。这不仅在周边地区引人注目，而且与整个欧洲新石器时代的陶器使用形成鲜明对比。这些发现为新石器时代更广泛的文化和经济实践中的战略多样性提供了证据，尽管在更广泛的地区农业占主导地位，但这种特殊的环境和文化环境提供了替代机会。
The spread of early farming across Europe from its origins in Southwest Asia was a culturally transformative process which took place over millennia. Within regions, the pace of the transition was probably related to the particular climatic and environmental conditions encountered, as well as the nature of localized hunter-gatherer and farmer interactions. The establishment of farming in the interior of the Balkans represents the first movement of Southwest Asian livestock beyond their natural climatic range, and widespread evidence now exists for early pottery being used extensively for dairying. However, pottery lipid residues from sites in the Iron Gates region of the Danube in the northern Balkans show that here, Neolithic pottery was being used predominantly for processing aquatic resources. This stands out not only within the surrounding region but also contrasts markedly with Neolithic pottery use across wider Europe. These findings provide evidence for the strategic diversity within the wider cultural and economic practices during the Neolithic, with this exceptional environmental and cultural setting offering alternative opportunities despite the dominance of farming in the wider region.