Developing an evidence-based Guide to Community Preventive Services -: Methods
Developing an evidence-based Guide to Community Preventive Services -: Methods
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0749-3797(99)00119-1
复制
发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Harris, JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Briss, PA;Zaza, S;Harris, JR
系统评价和循证推荐对于健康和医学决策越来越重要。在过去的20年里，关于综合研究成果的科学的信息呈爆炸式增长。然而，对临床预防服务和医疗保健的有效性进行系统评价的一些方法可能不太适合评估基于人群的干预措施。此外，将证据与建议联系起来的方法不如综合证据的方法那么完善。《系统评价和循证建议》（《指南》）将对基于人群的公共卫生干预措施进行评价并提出建议。本文件概述了《指南》系统审查证据并将证据转化为建议的程序。现有有效性数据被认为适用于其他人群和环境的程度），干预措施的其他效果（即，获取和评估证据并将其纳入建议的步骤包括：（1）组建多学科章节编写小组;（2）制定一种概念方法，对每一章的干预措施进行组织、分组、选择和评估;（3）选择要评估的干预措施;（4）寻找和检索证据;（5）评估和评估干预措施的效果。（5）评估有效性证据的质量并对其进行总结;（6）将有效性证据转化为建议;（7）考虑有效性以外的证据信息;（8）确定并总结研究差距。然而，使用循证方法来确定和建议针对具体公共卫生目标的有效干预措施，可以减少在如何收集和解释信息方面的错误，确定当前知识中的重要差距，从而指导进一步的研究，并提高指南用户从自己的角度评估建议是否有效和谨慎的能力。随着时间的推移，所有这些优势可能有助于增加关于适当的社区卫生战略的协议，并有助于增加其执行。医学主题词（MeSH）：社区卫生服务，决策;循证医学;系统评价;方法;基于人口的干预措施;实践指南;预防性卫生服务;公共卫生实践;工作组（C）2000年美国预防医学杂志。
Systematic reviews and evidence-based recommendations are increasingly important for decision making in health and medicine. Over the past 20 years, information on the science of synthesizing research results has exploded. However, some approaches to systematic reviews of the effectiveness of clinical preventive services and medical care may be less appropriate for evaluating population-based interventions Furthermore, methods for linking evidence to recommendations are less well developed than methods for synthesizing evidence.The Guide to Community Preventive Services: Systematic Reviews and Evidence-Based Recommendations (the Guide) will evaluate and make recommendations on population-based and public health interventions. This paper provides an overview of the Guide's process to systematically review evidence and translate that evidence into recommendations.The Guide reviews evidence on effectiveness, the applicability of effectiveness data, (i.e., the extent to which available effectiveness data is thought to apply to additional populations and settings), the intervention's other effects (i.e., important side effects), economic impact, and barriers to implementation of interventions.The steps for obtaining and evaluating evidence into recommendations involve: (1) forming multidisciplinary chapter development teams, (2) developing a conceptual approach to organizing, grouping, selecting and evaluating the interventions in each chapter; (3) selecting interventions to be evaluated; (4) searching for and retrieving evidence; (5) assessing the quality of and summarizing the body of evidence of effectiveness; (6) translating the body of evidence of effectiveness into recommendations; (7) considering information on evidence other than effectiveness; and (8) identifying and summarizing research gaps.Systematic reviews of and evidence-based recommendations for population-health interventions are challenging and methods will continue to evolve. However, using an evidence-based approach to identify and recommend effective interventions directed at specific public health goals may reduce errors in how information is collected and interpreted, identify important gaps in current knowledge thus guiding further research, and enhance the Guide users' ability to assess whether recommendations are valid and prudent from their own perspectives. Over time, all of these advantages could help to increase agreement regarding appropriate community health strategies and help to increase their implementation.Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): community health services, decision making; evidence based medicine; systematic reviews; methods; population-based interventions; practice guidelines; preventive health services; public health practice; task force (C) 2000 American Journal of Preventive Medicine.